FM / man3

/usr/local/share/man/man3

Name	Size	Mode	Actions
App::Prove.3pm	10508	0444	edit dl rm
App::Prove::State.3pm	6005	0444	edit dl rm
App::Prove::State::Result.3pm	5619	0444	edit dl rm
App::Prove::State::Result::Test.3pm	5051	0444	edit dl rm
AppConfig.3pm	35289	0444	edit dl rm
AppConfig::Args.3pm	7992	0444	edit dl rm
AppConfig::CGI.3pm	6609	0444	edit dl rm
AppConfig::File.3pm	12614	0444	edit dl rm
AppConfig::Getopt.3pm	7444	0444	edit dl rm
AppConfig::State.3pm	24972	0444	edit dl rm
AppConfig::Sys.3pm	6695	0444	edit dl rm
Archive::Tar.3pm	44061	0444	edit dl rm
Archive::Tar::File.3pm	11083	0444	edit dl rm
Archive::Zip.3pm	69985	0444	edit dl rm
Archive::Zip::FAQ.3pm	18437	0444	edit dl rm
Archive::Zip::MemberRead.3pm	6734	0444	edit dl rm
Archive::Zip::Tree.3pm	2875	0444	edit dl rm
B::COW.3pm	5163	0444	edit dl rm
Canary::Stability.3pm	3727	0444	edit dl rm
CDB_File.3pm	14318	0444	edit dl rm
common::sense.3pm	0	0444	edit dl rm
Compress::Raw::Bzip2.3pm	13463	0444	edit dl rm
Compress::Raw::Zlib.3pm	42082	0444	edit dl rm
Compress::Zlib.3pm	38719	0444	edit dl rm
CPAN::Meta.3pm	15923	0444	edit dl rm
CPAN::Meta::Converter.3pm	6594	0444	edit dl rm
CPAN::Meta::Feature.3pm	4322	0444	edit dl rm
CPAN::Meta::History.3pm	7855	0444	edit dl rm
CPAN::Meta::History::Meta_1_0.3pm	9973	0444	edit dl rm
CPAN::Meta::History::Meta_1_1.3pm	12410	0444	edit dl rm
CPAN::Meta::History::Meta_1_2.3pm	22224	0444	edit dl rm
CPAN::Meta::History::Meta_1_3.3pm	23974	0444	edit dl rm
CPAN::Meta::History::Meta_1_4.3pm	24565	0444	edit dl rm
CPAN::Meta::Merge.3pm	5285	0444	edit dl rm
CPAN::Meta::Prereqs.3pm	7380	0444	edit dl rm
CPAN::Meta::Requirements.3pm	12308	0444	edit dl rm
CPAN::Meta::Spec.3pm	45592	0444	edit dl rm
CPAN::Meta::Validator.3pm	4215	0444	edit dl rm
CPAN::Meta::YAML.3pm	4230	0444	edit dl rm
Crypt::OpenSSL::Random.3pm	5634	0444	edit dl rm
Curses.3pm	37580	0444	edit dl rm
Curses::UI.3pm	15619	0444	edit dl rm
Curses::UI::Buttonbox.3pm	8908	0444	edit dl rm
Curses::UI::Calendar.3pm	8203	0444	edit dl rm
Curses::UI::Checkbox.3pm	6509	0444	edit dl rm
Curses::UI::Color.3pm	5903	0444	edit dl rm
Curses::UI::Common.3pm	6498	0444	edit dl rm
Curses::UI::Container.3pm	9041	0444	edit dl rm
Curses::UI::Dialog::Basic.3pm	5213	0444	edit dl rm
Curses::UI::Dialog::Calendar.3pm	4761	0444	edit dl rm
Curses::UI::Dialog::Dirbrowser.3pm	5369	0444	edit dl rm
Curses::UI::Dialog::Error.3pm	4307	0444	edit dl rm
Curses::UI::Dialog::Filebrowser.3pm	6889	0444	edit dl rm
Curses::UI::Dialog::Progress.3pm	5774	0444	edit dl rm
Curses::UI::Dialog::Question.3pm	5277	0444	edit dl rm
Curses::UI::Dialog::Status.3pm	4765	0444	edit dl rm
Curses::UI::Label.3pm	7333	0444	edit dl rm
Curses::UI::Listbox.3pm	11988	0444	edit dl rm
Curses::UI::Menubar.3pm	8110	0444	edit dl rm
Curses::UI::Notebook.3pm	9140	0444	edit dl rm
Curses::UI::PasswordEntry.3pm	3743	0444	edit dl rm
Curses::UI::Popupmenu.3pm	7431	0444	edit dl rm
Curses::UI::Progressbar.3pm	5891	0444	edit dl rm
Curses::UI::Radiobuttonbox.3pm	4069	0444	edit dl rm
Curses::UI::Searchable.3pm	6668	0444	edit dl rm
Curses::UI::TextEditor.3pm	14171	0444	edit dl rm
Curses::UI::TextEntry.3pm	3623	0444	edit dl rm
Curses::UI::TextViewer.3pm	3670	0444	edit dl rm
Curses::UI::Tutorial.3pm	8555	0444	edit dl rm
Curses::UI::Widget.3pm	25675	0444	edit dl rm
Curses::UI::Window.3pm	5084	0444	edit dl rm
Cwd.3pm	7183	0444	edit dl rm
Date::Format.3pm	7291	0444	edit dl rm
Date::Language.3pm	3809	0444	edit dl rm
Date::Language::Bulgarian.3pm	3675	0444	edit dl rm
Date::Language::Hungarian.3pm	3091	0444	edit dl rm
Date::Parse.3pm	5402	0444	edit dl rm
Digest::SHA.3pm	25759	0444	edit dl rm
Expect.3pm	60229	0444	edit dl rm
ExtUtils::CBuilder.3pm	11923	0444	edit dl rm
ExtUtils::CBuilder::Platform::Windows.3pm	3117	0444	edit dl rm
ExtUtils::Command.3pm	5942	0444	edit dl rm
ExtUtils::Command::MM.3pm	5723	0444	edit dl rm
ExtUtils::Liblist.3pm	12679	0444	edit dl rm
ExtUtils::MakeMaker.3pm	79357	0444	edit dl rm
ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Config.3pm	2587	0444	edit dl rm
ExtUtils::MakeMaker::FAQ.3pm	26829	0444	edit dl rm
ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Locale.3pm	11168	0444	edit dl rm
ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Tutorial.3pm	8389	0444	edit dl rm
ExtUtils::Manifest.3pm	11961	0444	edit dl rm
ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap.3pm	3459	0444	edit dl rm
ExtUtils::Mksymlists.3pm	6699	0444	edit dl rm
ExtUtils::MM.3pm	2829	0444	edit dl rm
ExtUtils::MM_AIX.3pm	3044	0444	edit dl rm
ExtUtils::MM_Any.3pm	31129	0444	edit dl rm
ExtUtils::MM_BeOS.3pm	2798	0444	edit dl rm
ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin.3pm	3569	0444	edit dl rm
ExtUtils::MM_Darwin.3pm	2688	0444	edit dl rm
ExtUtils::MM_DOS.3pm	3021	0444	edit dl rm
ExtUtils::MM_MacOS.3pm	2987	0444	edit dl rm
ExtUtils::MM_NW5.3pm	3200	0444	edit dl rm
ExtUtils::MM_OS2.3pm	2886	0444	edit dl rm
ExtUtils::MM_QNX.3pm	2942	0444	edit dl rm
ExtUtils::MM_Unix.3pm	21419	0444	edit dl rm
ExtUtils::MM_UWIN.3pm	3051	0444	edit dl rm
ExtUtils::MM_VMS.3pm	14900	0444	edit dl rm
ExtUtils::MM_VOS.3pm	2926	0444	edit dl rm
ExtUtils::MM_Win32.3pm	5919	0444	edit dl rm
ExtUtils::MM_Win95.3pm	3276	0444	edit dl rm
ExtUtils::MY.3pm	2764	0444	edit dl rm
ExtUtils::testlib.3pm	2690	0444	edit dl rm
File::GlobMapper.3pm	11447	0444	edit dl rm
File::HomeDir.3pm	18212	0444	edit dl rm
File::HomeDir::Darwin.3pm	3232	0444	edit dl rm
File::HomeDir::Darwin::Carbon.3pm	3517	0444	edit dl rm
File::HomeDir::Darwin::Cocoa.3pm	3446	0444	edit dl rm
File::HomeDir::Driver.3pm	3101	0444	edit dl rm
File::HomeDir::FreeDesktop.3pm	3487	0444	edit dl rm
File::HomeDir::MacOS9.3pm	3499	0444	edit dl rm
File::HomeDir::Test.3pm	3534	0444	edit dl rm
File::HomeDir::Unix.3pm	3638	0444	edit dl rm
File::HomeDir::Windows.3pm	4891	0444	edit dl rm
File::Path.3pm	31030	0444	edit dl rm
File::Slurp.3pm	23626	0444	edit dl rm
File::Spec.3pm	13784	0444	edit dl rm
File::Spec::AmigaOS.3pm	2826	0444	edit dl rm
File::Spec::Cygwin.3pm	3957	0444	edit dl rm
File::Spec::Epoc.3pm	3251	0444	edit dl rm
File::Spec::Functions.3pm	3799	0444	edit dl rm
File::Spec::Mac.3pm	18664	0444	edit dl rm
File::Spec::OS2.3pm	3118	0444	edit dl rm
File::Spec::Unix.3pm	9837	0444	edit dl rm
File::Spec::VMS.3pm	6389	0444	edit dl rm
File::Spec::Win32.3pm	6451	0444	edit dl rm
File::Temp.3pm	36799	0444	edit dl rm
File::Which.3pm	9746	0444	edit dl rm
Getopt::Long.3pm	52647	0444	edit dl rm
HDB.3pm	10947	0444	edit dl rm
HDB::CMDS.3pm	18894	0444	edit dl rm
HDB::Encode.3pm	7863	0444	edit dl rm
HDB::Object.3pm	10057	0444	edit dl rm
HTML::AsSubs.3pm	8586	0444	edit dl rm
HTML::Element.3pm	70793	0444	edit dl rm
HTML::Element::traverse.3pm	15984	0444	edit dl rm
HTML::Form.3pm	28158	0444	edit dl rm
HTML::Parse.3pm	8277	0444	edit dl rm
HTML::Tree.3pm	9982	0444	edit dl rm
HTML::Tree::AboutObjects.3pm	37918	0444	edit dl rm
HTML::Tree::AboutTrees.3pm	58534	0444	edit dl rm
HTML::Tree::Scanning.3pm	34385	0444	edit dl rm
HTML::TreeBuilder.3pm	30138	0444	edit dl rm
HTTP::Tiny.3pm	27709	0444	edit dl rm
IO::AtomicFile.3pm	5381	0444	edit dl rm
IO::Compress::Base.3pm	3506	0444	edit dl rm
IO::Compress::Bzip2.3pm	23260	0444	edit dl rm
IO::Compress::Deflate.3pm	26768	0444	edit dl rm
IO::Compress::FAQ.3pm	26718	0444	edit dl rm
IO::Compress::Gzip.3pm	34489	0444	edit dl rm
IO::Compress::RawDeflate.3pm	27134	0444	edit dl rm
IO::Compress::Zip.3pm	40870	0444	edit dl rm
IO::InnerFile.3pm	6035	0444	edit dl rm
IO::Lines.3pm	3783	0444	edit dl rm
IO::Pty.3pm	8579	0444	edit dl rm
IO::Scalar.3pm	10679	0444	edit dl rm
IO::ScalarArray.3pm	10528	0444	edit dl rm
IO::Stringy.3pm	4049	0444	edit dl rm
IO::Tty.3pm	8348	0444	edit dl rm
IO::Tty::Constant.3pm	10012	0444	edit dl rm
IO::Uncompress::AnyInflate.3pm	32800	0444	edit dl rm
IO::Uncompress::AnyUncompress.3pm	30767	0444	edit dl rm
IO::Uncompress::Base.3pm	3518	0444	edit dl rm
IO::Uncompress::Bunzip2.3pm	29171	0444	edit dl rm
IO::Uncompress::Gunzip.3pm	31719	0444	edit dl rm
IO::Uncompress::Inflate.3pm	29915	0444	edit dl rm
IO::Uncompress::RawInflate.3pm	29563	0444	edit dl rm
IO::Uncompress::Unzip.3pm	31279	0444	edit dl rm
IO::Wrap.3pm	10664	0444	edit dl rm
IO::WrapTie.3pm	14987	0444	edit dl rm
JSON::PP.3pm	50080	0444	edit dl rm
JSON::PP::Boolean.3pm	2667	0444	edit dl rm
JSON::Syck.3pm	8094	0444	edit dl rm
JSON::XS.3pm	89037	0444	edit dl rm
JSON::XS::Boolean.3pm	2857	0444	edit dl rm
lib::core::only.3pm	5647	0444	edit dl rm
local::lib.3pm	31390	0444	edit dl rm
LWP.3pm	28506	0444	edit dl rm
LWP::Authen::Ntlm.3pm	7489	0444	edit dl rm
LWP::ConnCache.3pm	9967	0444	edit dl rm
LWP::Debug.3pm	5608	0444	edit dl rm
LWP::MemberMixin.3pm	4821	0444	edit dl rm
LWP::Protocol.3pm	8350	0444	edit dl rm
LWP::Protocol::https.3pm	5684	0444	edit dl rm
LWP::RobotUA.3pm	9022	0444	edit dl rm
LWP::Simple.3pm	9016	0444	edit dl rm
LWP::UserAgent.3pm	48156	0444	edit dl rm
lwpcook.3pm	14838	0444	edit dl rm
lwptut.3pm	32441	0444	edit dl rm
Module::Build.3pm	44563	0444	edit dl rm
Module::Build::API.3pm	89267	0444	edit dl rm
Module::Build::Authoring.3pm	17363	0444	edit dl rm
Module::Build::Base.3pm	5157	0444	edit dl rm
Module::Build::Bundling.3pm	9999	0444	edit dl rm
Module::Build::Compat.3pm	10885	0444	edit dl rm
Module::Build::ConfigData.3pm	7388	0444	edit dl rm
Module::Build::Cookbook.3pm	25946	0444	edit dl rm
Module::Build::Notes.3pm	4690	0444	edit dl rm
Module::Build::Platform::aix.3pm	4472	0444	edit dl rm
Module::Build::Platform::cygwin.3pm	4505	0444	edit dl rm
Module::Build::Platform::darwin.3pm	4491	0444	edit dl rm
Module::Build::Platform::Default.3pm	4490	0444	edit dl rm
Module::Build::Platform::MacOS.3pm	5398	0444	edit dl rm
Module::Build::Platform::os2.3pm	4474	0444	edit dl rm
Module::Build::Platform::Unix.3pm	4481	0444	edit dl rm
Module::Build::Platform::VMS.3pm	7885	0444	edit dl rm
Module::Build::Platform::VOS.3pm	4477	0444	edit dl rm
Module::Build::Platform::Windows.3pm	4529	0444	edit dl rm
Module::Build::PPMMaker.3pm	4886	0444	edit dl rm
Mozilla::CA.3pm	3571	0444	edit dl rm
Net::CIDR::Lite.3pm	9562	0444	edit dl rm
Net::Cmd.3pm	11545	0444	edit dl rm
Net::Config.3pm	8100	0444	edit dl rm
Net::Domain.3pm	3835	0444	edit dl rm
Net::FTP.3pm	27341	0444	edit dl rm
Net::FTP::dataconn.3pm	3979	0444	edit dl rm
Net::HTTP.3pm	16375	0444	edit dl rm
Net::HTTP::NB.3pm	5394	0444	edit dl rm
Net::HTTPS.3pm	5438	0444	edit dl rm
Net::IP.3pm	27697	0444	edit dl rm
Net::libnetFAQ.3pm	14746	0444	edit dl rm
Net::Netrc.3pm	6729	0444	edit dl rm
Net::NNTP.3pm	23193	0444	edit dl rm
Net::POP3.3pm	12259	0444	edit dl rm
Net::SMTP.3pm	18880	0444	edit dl rm
Net::SSLeay.3pm	349350	0444	edit dl rm
Net::SSLeay::Handle.3pm	9127	0444	edit dl rm
Net::Time.3pm	4524	0444	edit dl rm
ok.3pm	2851	0444	edit dl rm
Parse::CPAN::Meta.3pm	10187	0444	edit dl rm
POD2::DE::local::lib.3pm	22879	0444	edit dl rm
POD2::PT_BR::local::lib.3pm	22762	0444	edit dl rm
Socket.3pm	34078	0444	edit dl rm
Sub::Identify.3pm	5087	0444	edit dl rm
SUPER.3pm	7394	0444	edit dl rm
Switch.3pm	19014	0444	edit dl rm
TAP::Base.3pm	3401	0444	edit dl rm
TAP::Formatter::Base.3pm	6233	0444	edit dl rm
TAP::Formatter::Color.3pm	3717	0444	edit dl rm
TAP::Formatter::Console.3pm	2722	0444	edit dl rm
TAP::Formatter::Console::ParallelSession.3pm	3065	0444	edit dl rm
TAP::Formatter::Console::Session.3pm	2832	0444	edit dl rm
TAP::Formatter::File.3pm	2693	0444	edit dl rm
TAP::Formatter::File::Session.3pm	2847	0444	edit dl rm
TAP::Formatter::Session.3pm	3603	0444	edit dl rm
TAP::Harness.3pm	21300	0444	edit dl rm
TAP::Harness::Beyond.3pm	19118	0444	edit dl rm
TAP::Harness::Env.3pm	5467	0444	edit dl rm
TAP::Object.3pm	4497	0444	edit dl rm
TAP::Parser.3pm	42210	0444	edit dl rm
TAP::Parser::Aggregator.3pm	8023	0444	edit dl rm
TAP::Parser::Grammar.3pm	8647	0444	edit dl rm
TAP::Parser::Iterator.3pm	4993	0444	edit dl rm
TAP::Parser::Iterator::Array.3pm	3771	0444	edit dl rm
TAP::Parser::Iterator::Process.3pm	4601	0444	edit dl rm
TAP::Parser::Iterator::Stream.3pm	3712	0444	edit dl rm
TAP::Parser::IteratorFactory.3pm	6904	0444	edit dl rm
TAP::Parser::Multiplexer.3pm	4646	0444	edit dl rm
TAP::Parser::Result.3pm	7512	0444	edit dl rm
TAP::Parser::Result::Bailout.3pm	3293	0444	edit dl rm
TAP::Parser::Result::Comment.3pm	3118	0444	edit dl rm
TAP::Parser::Result::Plan.3pm	4173	0444	edit dl rm
TAP::Parser::Result::Pragma.3pm	3073	0444	edit dl rm
TAP::Parser::Result::Test.3pm	7114	0444	edit dl rm
TAP::Parser::Result::Unknown.3pm	2973	0444	edit dl rm
TAP::Parser::Result::Version.3pm	3154	0444	edit dl rm
TAP::Parser::Result::YAML.3pm	3086	0444	edit dl rm
TAP::Parser::ResultFactory.3pm	5523	0444	edit dl rm
TAP::Parser::Scheduler.3pm	8113	0444	edit dl rm
TAP::Parser::Scheduler::Job.3pm	4301	0444	edit dl rm
TAP::Parser::Scheduler::Spinner.3pm	3346	0444	edit dl rm
TAP::Parser::Source.3pm	8170	0444	edit dl rm
TAP::Parser::SourceHandler.3pm	7559	0444	edit dl rm
TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::Executable.3pm	5297	0444	edit dl rm
TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::File.3pm	4567	0444	edit dl rm
TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::Handle.3pm	4425	0444	edit dl rm
TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::Perl.3pm	6262	0444	edit dl rm
TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::RawTAP.3pm	4434	0444	edit dl rm
TAP::Parser::YAMLish::Reader.3pm	3995	0444	edit dl rm
TAP::Parser::YAMLish::Writer.3pm	4879	0444	edit dl rm
Template.3pm	27909	0444	edit dl rm
Template::Base.3pm	8149	0444	edit dl rm
Template::Config.3pm	8687	0444	edit dl rm
Template::Constants.3pm	7815	0444	edit dl rm
Template::Context.3pm	26637	0444	edit dl rm
Template::Directive.3pm	4821	0444	edit dl rm
Template::Document.3pm	11829	0444	edit dl rm
Template::Exception.3pm	6763	0444	edit dl rm
Template::FAQ.3pm	14564	0444	edit dl rm
Template::Filters.3pm	9817	0444	edit dl rm
Template::Grammar.3pm	5039	0444	edit dl rm
Template::Iterator.3pm	11413	0444	edit dl rm
Template::Manual.3pm	6317	0444	edit dl rm
Template::Manual::Config.3pm	79504	0444	edit dl rm
Template::Manual::Credits.3pm	8246	0444	edit dl rm
Template::Manual::Directives.3pm	77293	0444	edit dl rm
Template::Manual::Filters.3pm	20810	0444	edit dl rm
Template::Manual::Internals.3pm	23433	0444	edit dl rm
Template::Manual::Intro.3pm	14092	0444	edit dl rm
Template::Manual::Plugins.3pm	13780	0444	edit dl rm
Template::Manual::Syntax.3pm	14549	0444	edit dl rm
Template::Manual::Variables.3pm	33110	0444	edit dl rm
Template::Manual::Views.3pm	25953	0444	edit dl rm
Template::Manual::VMethods.3pm	28195	0444	edit dl rm
Template::Modules.3pm	9827	0444	edit dl rm
Template::Namespace::Constants.3pm	6002	0444	edit dl rm
Template::Parser.3pm	9917	0444	edit dl rm
Template::Plugin.3pm	10937	0444	edit dl rm
Template::Plugin::Assert.3pm	5446	0444	edit dl rm
Template::Plugin::CGI.3pm	6188	0444	edit dl rm
Template::Plugin::Datafile.3pm	6601	0444	edit dl rm
Template::Plugin::Date.3pm	9538	0444	edit dl rm
Template::Plugin::Directory.3pm	11979	0444	edit dl rm
Template::Plugin::Dumper.3pm	6078	0444	edit dl rm
Template::Plugin::File.3pm	13009	0444	edit dl rm
Template::Plugin::Filter.3pm	12936	0444	edit dl rm
Template::Plugin::Format.3pm	4895	0444	edit dl rm
Template::Plugin::HTML.3pm	7823	0444	edit dl rm
Template::Plugin::Image.3pm	11950	0444	edit dl rm
Template::Plugin::Iterator.3pm	5061	0444	edit dl rm
Template::Plugin::Math.3pm	6623	0444	edit dl rm
Template::Plugin::Pod.3pm	4784	0444	edit dl rm
Template::Plugin::Procedural.3pm	5631	0444	edit dl rm
Template::Plugin::Scalar.3pm	5032	0444	edit dl rm
Template::Plugin::String.3pm	17263	0444	edit dl rm
Template::Plugin::Table.3pm	11145	0444	edit dl rm
Template::Plugin::URL.3pm	8080	0444	edit dl rm
Template::Plugin::View.3pm	5479	0444	edit dl rm
Template::Plugin::Wrap.3pm	6433	0444	edit dl rm
Template::Plugins.3pm	9733	0444	edit dl rm
Template::Provider.3pm	14678	0444	edit dl rm
Template::Service.3pm	14813	0444	edit dl rm
Template::Stash.3pm	11983	0444	edit dl rm
Template::Stash::Context.3pm	7130	0444	edit dl rm
Template::Stash::XS.3pm	6644	0444	edit dl rm
Template::Test.3pm	15524	0444	edit dl rm
Template::Toolkit.3pm	9227	0444	edit dl rm
Template::Tools.3pm	5001	0444	edit dl rm
Template::Tools::tpage.3pm	5806	0444	edit dl rm
Template::Tools::ttree.3pm	16567	0444	edit dl rm
Template::Tutorial.3pm	4566	0444	edit dl rm
Template::Tutorial::Datafile.3pm	19539	0444	edit dl rm
Template::Tutorial::Web.3pm	34118	0444	edit dl rm
Template::View.3pm	12618	0444	edit dl rm
Template::VMethods.3pm	4688	0444	edit dl rm
Term::ReadKey.3pm	13029	0444	edit dl rm
Test2.3pm	9556	0444	edit dl rm
Test2::API.3pm	30424	0444	edit dl rm
Test2::API::Breakage.3pm	4988	0444	edit dl rm
Test2::API::Context.3pm	17574	0444	edit dl rm
Test2::API::Instance.3pm	12404	0444	edit dl rm
Test2::API::Stack.3pm	6568	0444	edit dl rm
Test2::Event.3pm	9189	0444	edit dl rm
Test2::Event::Bail.3pm	3470	0444	edit dl rm
Test2::Event::Diag.3pm	3338	0444	edit dl rm
Test2::Event::Exception.3pm	3520	0444	edit dl rm
Test2::Event::Generic.3pm	7662	0444	edit dl rm
Test2::Event::Info.3pm	4261	0444	edit dl rm
Test2::Event::Note.3pm	3323	0444	edit dl rm
Test2::Event::Ok.3pm	4255	0444	edit dl rm
Test2::Event::Plan.3pm	3907	0444	edit dl rm
Test2::Event::Skip.3pm	3665	0444	edit dl rm
Test2::Event::Subtest.3pm	3573	0444	edit dl rm
Test2::Event::Waiting.3pm	3107	0444	edit dl rm
Test2::Formatter.3pm	5208	0444	edit dl rm
Test2::Formatter::TAP.3pm	9255	0444	edit dl rm
Test2::Hub.3pm	16755	0444	edit dl rm
Test2::Hub::Interceptor.3pm	2937	0444	edit dl rm
Test2::Hub::Interceptor::Terminator.3pm	2980	0444	edit dl rm
Test2::Hub::Subtest.3pm	3803	0444	edit dl rm
Test2::IPC.3pm	3324	0444	edit dl rm
Test2::IPC::Driver.3pm	9512	0444	edit dl rm
Test2::IPC::Driver::Files.3pm	3822	0444	edit dl rm
Test2::Transition.3pm	18406	0444	edit dl rm
Test2::Util.3pm	5123	0444	edit dl rm
Test2::Util::ExternalMeta.3pm	5594	0444	edit dl rm
Test2::Util::HashBase.3pm	7463	0444	edit dl rm
Test2::Util::Trace.3pm	5577	0444	edit dl rm
Test::Builder.3pm	26915	0444	edit dl rm
Test::Builder::Formatter.3pm	3656	0444	edit dl rm
Test::Builder::IO::Scalar.3pm	9740	0444	edit dl rm
Test::Builder::Module.3pm	5567	0444	edit dl rm
Test::Builder::Tester.3pm	11550	0444	edit dl rm
Test::Builder::Tester::Color.3pm	3131	0444	edit dl rm
Test::Builder::TodoDiag.3pm	3129	0444	edit dl rm
Test::Fatal.3pm	9303	0444	edit dl rm
Test::HACKING.3pm	9253	0444	edit dl rm
Test::Harness.3pm	11028	0444	edit dl rm
Test::LeakTrace.3pm	10022	0444	edit dl rm
Test::LeakTrace::JA.3pm	12328	0444	edit dl rm
Test::LeakTrace::Script.3pm	5140	0444	edit dl rm
Test::MockModule.3pm	10818	0444	edit dl rm
Test::More.3pm	43215	0444	edit dl rm
Test::More::UTF8.3pm	3602	0444	edit dl rm
Test::RequiresInternet.3pm	3944	0444	edit dl rm
Test::Simple.3pm	9119	0444	edit dl rm
Test::Tester.3pm	15781	0444	edit dl rm
Test::Tester::Capture.3pm	2902	0444	edit dl rm
Test::Tester::CaptureRunner.3pm	2673	0444	edit dl rm
Test::Tutorial.3pm	24261	0444	edit dl rm
Test::use::ok.3pm	3841	0444	edit dl rm
Test::Warnings.3pm	14231	0444	edit dl rm
Text::Glob.3pm	6106	0444	edit dl rm
Text::Template.3pm	65499	0444	edit dl rm
Text::Template::Preprocess.3pm	6270	0444	edit dl rm
Time::Zone.3pm	3413	0444	edit dl rm
TimeDate.3pm	2397	0444	edit dl rm
Try::Tiny.3pm	20343	0444	edit dl rm
Types::Serialiser.3pm	11473	0444	edit dl rm
Types::Serialiser::Error.3pm	2705	0444	edit dl rm
version.3pm	13937	0444	edit dl rm
version::Internals.3pm	30287	0444	edit dl rm
WWW::Mechanize.3pm	68196	0444	edit dl rm
WWW::Mechanize::Cookbook.3pm	7159	0444	edit dl rm
WWW::Mechanize::Examples.3pm	22490	0444	edit dl rm
WWW::Mechanize::FAQ.3pm	24359	0444	edit dl rm
WWW::Mechanize::Image.3pm	6490	0444	edit dl rm
WWW::Mechanize::Link.3pm	6518	0444	edit dl rm
XML::NamespaceSupport.3pm	13052	0444	edit dl rm
XML::Parser.3pm	26296	0444	edit dl rm
XML::Parser::Expat.3pm	26799	0444	edit dl rm
XML::Parser::Style::Debug.3pm	4408	0444	edit dl rm
XML::Parser::Style::Objects.3pm	4888	0444	edit dl rm
XML::Parser::Style::Stream.3pm	5925	0444	edit dl rm
XML::Parser::Style::Subs.3pm	4863	0444	edit dl rm
XML::Parser::Style::Tree.3pm	5529	0444	edit dl rm
XML::SAX.3pm	9229	0444	edit dl rm
XML::SAX::Base.3pm	13704	0444	edit dl rm
XML::SAX::BuildSAXBase.3pm	13700	0444	edit dl rm
XML::SAX::DocumentLocator.3pm	5239	0444	edit dl rm
XML::SAX::Exception.3pm	5622	0444	edit dl rm
XML::SAX::Expat.3pm	6404	0444	edit dl rm
XML::SAX::Intro.3pm	20220	0444	edit dl rm
XML::SAX::ParserFactory.3pm	7919	0444	edit dl rm
XML::SAX::PurePerl.3pm	6172	0444	edit dl rm
XML::SAX::PurePerl::Reader.3pm	4103	0444	edit dl rm
XML::Simple.3pm	65589	0444	edit dl rm
XML::Simple::FAQ.3pm	27223	0444	edit dl rm
YAML.3pm	29980	0444	edit dl rm
YAML::Any.3pm	7487	0444	edit dl rm
YAML::Dumper.3pm	4776	0444	edit dl rm
YAML::Dumper::Base.3pm	4642	0444	edit dl rm
YAML::Error.3pm	4681	0444	edit dl rm
YAML::Loader.3pm	4766	0444	edit dl rm
YAML::Loader::Base.3pm	4642	0444	edit dl rm
YAML::Marshall.3pm	4640	0444	edit dl rm
YAML::Node.3pm	6743	0444	edit dl rm
YAML::Syck.3pm	10806	0444	edit dl rm
YAML::Tag.3pm	4499	0444	edit dl rm
YAML::Types.3pm	4716	0444	edit dl rm

Edit: /usr/local/share/man/man3/File::Path.3pm (31030B)

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.\" ========================================================================
.\"
.IX Title "File::Path 3"
.TH File::Path 3 "2015-10-07" "perl v5.16.3" "User Contributed Perl Documentation"
.\" For nroff, turn off justification.  Always turn off hyphenation; it makes
.\" way too many mistakes in technical documents.
.if n .ad l
.nh
.SH "NAME"
File::Path \- Create or remove directory trees
.SH "VERSION"
.IX Header "VERSION"
This document describes version 2.12 of File::Path.
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
.IX Header "SYNOPSIS"
.Vb 1
\&  use File::Path qw(make_path remove_tree);
\&
\&  @created = make_path(\*(Aqfoo/bar/baz\*(Aq, \*(Aq/zug/zwang\*(Aq);
\&  @created = make_path(\*(Aqfoo/bar/baz\*(Aq, \*(Aq/zug/zwang\*(Aq, {
\&      verbose => 1,
\&      mode => 0711,
\&  });
\&  make_path(\*(Aqfoo/bar/baz\*(Aq, \*(Aq/zug/zwang\*(Aq, {
\&      chmod => 0777,
\&  });
\&
\&  $removed_count = remove_tree(\*(Aqfoo/bar/baz\*(Aq, \*(Aq/zug/zwang\*(Aq);
\&  $removed_count = remove_tree(\*(Aqfoo/bar/baz\*(Aq, \*(Aq/zug/zwang\*(Aq, {
\&      verbose => 1,
\&      error  => \emy $err_list,
\&  });
\&
\&  # legacy (interface promoted before v2.00)
\&  @created = mkpath(\*(Aq/foo/bar/baz\*(Aq);
\&  @created = mkpath(\*(Aq/foo/bar/baz\*(Aq, 1, 0711);
\&  @created = mkpath([\*(Aq/foo/bar/baz\*(Aq, \*(Aqblurfl/quux\*(Aq], 1, 0711);
\&  $removed_count = rmtree(\*(Aqfoo/bar/baz\*(Aq, 1, 1);
\&  $removed_count = rmtree([\*(Aqfoo/bar/baz\*(Aq, \*(Aqblurfl/quux\*(Aq], 1, 1);
\&
\&  # legacy (interface promoted before v2.06)
\&  @created = mkpath(\*(Aqfoo/bar/baz\*(Aq, \*(Aq/zug/zwang\*(Aq, { verbose => 1, mode => 0711 });
\&  $removed_count = rmtree(\*(Aqfoo/bar/baz\*(Aq, \*(Aq/zug/zwang\*(Aq, { verbose => 1, mode => 0711 });
.Ve
.SH "DESCRIPTION"
.IX Header "DESCRIPTION"
This module provide a convenient way to create directories of
arbitrary depth and to delete an entire directory subtree from the
filesystem.
.PP
The following functions are provided:
.ie n .IP "make_path( $dir1, $dir2, .... )" 4
.el .IP "make_path( \f(CW$dir1\fR, \f(CW$dir2\fR, .... )" 4
.IX Item "make_path( $dir1, $dir2, .... )"
.PD 0
.ie n .IP "make_path( $dir1, $dir2, ...., \e%opts )" 4
.el .IP "make_path( \f(CW$dir1\fR, \f(CW$dir2\fR, ...., \e%opts )" 4
.IX Item "make_path( $dir1, $dir2, ...., %opts )"
.PD
The \f(CW\*(C`make_path\*(C'\fR function creates the given directories if they don't
exists before, much like the Unix command \f(CW\*(C`mkdir \-p\*(C'\fR.
.Sp
The function accepts a list of directories to be created. Its
behaviour may be tuned by an optional hashref appearing as the last
parameter on the call.
.Sp
The function returns the list of directories actually created during
the call; in scalar context the number of directories created.
.Sp
The following keys are recognised in the option hash:
.RS 4
.ie n .IP "mode => $num" 4
.el .IP "mode => \f(CW$num\fR" 4
.IX Item "mode => $num"
The numeric permissions mode to apply to each created directory
(defaults to 0777), to be modified by the current \f(CW\*(C`umask\*(C'\fR. If the
directory already exists (and thus does not need to be created),
the permissions will not be modified.
.Sp
\&\f(CW\*(C`mask\*(C'\fR is recognised as an alias for this parameter.
.ie n .IP "chmod => $num" 4
.el .IP "chmod => \f(CW$num\fR" 4
.IX Item "chmod => $num"
Takes a numeric mode to apply to each created directory (not
modified by the current \f(CW\*(C`umask\*(C'\fR). If the directory already exists
(and thus does not need to be created), the permissions will
not be modified.
.ie n .IP "verbose => $bool" 4
.el .IP "verbose => \f(CW$bool\fR" 4
.IX Item "verbose => $bool"
If present, will cause \f(CW\*(C`make_path\*(C'\fR to print the name of each directory
as it is created. By default nothing is printed.
.IP "error => \e$err" 4
.IX Item "error => $err"
If present, it should be a reference to a scalar.
This scalar will be made to reference an array, which will
be used to store any errors that are encountered.  See the \*(L"\s-1ERROR
HANDLING\*(R"\s0 section for more information.
.Sp
If this parameter is not used, certain error conditions may raise
a fatal error that will cause the program to halt, unless trapped
in an \f(CW\*(C`eval\*(C'\fR block.
.ie n .IP "owner => $owner" 4
.el .IP "owner => \f(CW$owner\fR" 4
.IX Item "owner => $owner"
.PD 0
.ie n .IP "user => $owner" 4
.el .IP "user => \f(CW$owner\fR" 4
.IX Item "user => $owner"
.ie n .IP "uid => $owner" 4
.el .IP "uid => \f(CW$owner\fR" 4
.IX Item "uid => $owner"
.PD
If present, will cause any created directory to be owned by \f(CW$owner\fR.
If the value is numeric, it will be interpreted as a uid, otherwise
as username is assumed. An error will be issued if the username cannot be
mapped to a uid, or the uid does not exist, or the process lacks the
privileges to change ownership.
.Sp
Ownership of directories that already exist will not be changed.
.Sp
\&\f(CW\*(C`user\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`uid\*(C'\fR are aliases of \f(CW\*(C`owner\*(C'\fR.
.ie n .IP "group => $group" 4
.el .IP "group => \f(CW$group\fR" 4
.IX Item "group => $group"
If present, will cause any created directory to be owned by the group \f(CW$group\fR.
If the value is numeric, it will be interpreted as a gid, otherwise
as group name is assumed. An error will be issued if the group name cannot be
mapped to a gid, or the gid does not exist, or the process lacks the
privileges to change group ownership.
.Sp
Group ownership of directories that already exist will not be changed.
.Sp
.Vb 1
\&    make_path \*(Aq/var/tmp/webcache\*(Aq, {owner=>\*(Aqnobody\*(Aq, group=>\*(Aqnogroup\*(Aq};
.Ve
.RE
.RS 4
.RE
.ie n .IP "mkpath( $dir )" 4
.el .IP "mkpath( \f(CW$dir\fR )" 4
.IX Item "mkpath( $dir )"
.PD 0
.ie n .IP "mkpath( $dir, $verbose, $mode )" 4
.el .IP "mkpath( \f(CW$dir\fR, \f(CW$verbose\fR, \f(CW$mode\fR )" 4
.IX Item "mkpath( $dir, $verbose, $mode )"
.ie n .IP "mkpath( [$dir1, $dir2,...], $verbose, $mode )" 4
.el .IP "mkpath( [$dir1, \f(CW$dir2\fR,...], \f(CW$verbose\fR, \f(CW$mode\fR )" 4
.IX Item "mkpath( [$dir1, $dir2,...], $verbose, $mode )"
.ie n .IP "mkpath( $dir1, $dir2,..., \e%opt )" 4
.el .IP "mkpath( \f(CW$dir1\fR, \f(CW$dir2\fR,..., \e%opt )" 4
.IX Item "mkpath( $dir1, $dir2,..., %opt )"
.PD
The \fImkpath()\fR function provide the legacy interface of \fImake_path()\fR with
a different interpretation of the arguments passed.  The behaviour and
return value of the function is otherwise identical to \fImake_path()\fR.
.ie n .IP "remove_tree( $dir1, $dir2, .... )" 4
.el .IP "remove_tree( \f(CW$dir1\fR, \f(CW$dir2\fR, .... )" 4
.IX Item "remove_tree( $dir1, $dir2, .... )"
.PD 0
.ie n .IP "remove_tree( $dir1, $dir2, ...., \e%opts )" 4
.el .IP "remove_tree( \f(CW$dir1\fR, \f(CW$dir2\fR, ...., \e%opts )" 4
.IX Item "remove_tree( $dir1, $dir2, ...., %opts )"
.PD
The \f(CW\*(C`remove_tree\*(C'\fR function deletes the given directories and any
files and subdirectories they might contain, much like the Unix
command \f(CW\*(C`rm \-r\*(C'\fR or the Windows commands \f(CW\*(C`rmdir /s\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`rd /s\*(C'\fR. The
only exception to the function similarity is \f(CW\*(C`remove_tree\*(C'\fR accepts
only directories whereas \f(CW\*(C`rm \-r\*(C'\fR also accepts files.
.Sp
The function accepts a list of directories to be
removed. Its behaviour may be tuned by an optional hashref
appearing as the last parameter on the call.  If an empty string is
passed to \f(CW\*(C`remove_tree\*(C'\fR, an error will occur.
.Sp
The functions returns the number of files successfully deleted.
.Sp
The following keys are recognised in the option hash:
.RS 4
.ie n .IP "verbose => $bool" 4
.el .IP "verbose => \f(CW$bool\fR" 4
.IX Item "verbose => $bool"
If present, will cause \f(CW\*(C`remove_tree\*(C'\fR to print the name of each file as
it is unlinked. By default nothing is printed.
.ie n .IP "safe => $bool" 4
.el .IP "safe => \f(CW$bool\fR" 4
.IX Item "safe => $bool"
When set to a true value, will cause \f(CW\*(C`remove_tree\*(C'\fR to skip the files
for which the process lacks the required privileges needed to delete
files, such as delete privileges on \s-1VMS.\s0 In other words, the code
will make no attempt to alter file permissions. Thus, if the process
is interrupted, no filesystem object will be left in a more
permissive mode.
.ie n .IP "keep_root => $bool" 4
.el .IP "keep_root => \f(CW$bool\fR" 4
.IX Item "keep_root => $bool"
When set to a true value, will cause all files and subdirectories
to be removed, except the initially specified directories. This comes
in handy when cleaning out an application's scratch directory.
.Sp
.Vb 1
\&  remove_tree( \*(Aq/tmp\*(Aq, {keep_root => 1} );
.Ve
.IP "result => \e$res" 4
.IX Item "result => $res"
If present, it should be a reference to a scalar.
This scalar will be made to reference an array, which will
be used to store all files and directories unlinked
during the call. If nothing is unlinked, the array will be empty.
.Sp
.Vb 2
\&  remove_tree( \*(Aq/tmp\*(Aq, {result => \emy $list} );
\&  print "unlinked $_\en" for @$list;
.Ve
.Sp
This is a useful alternative to the \f(CW\*(C`verbose\*(C'\fR key.
.IP "error => \e$err" 4
.IX Item "error => $err"
If present, it should be a reference to a scalar.
This scalar will be made to reference an array, which will
be used to store any errors that are encountered.  See the \*(L"\s-1ERROR
HANDLING\*(R"\s0 section for more information.
.Sp
Removing things is a much more dangerous proposition than
creating things. As such, there are certain conditions that
\&\f(CW\*(C`remove_tree\*(C'\fR may encounter that are so dangerous that the only
sane action left is to kill the program.
.Sp
Use \f(CW\*(C`error\*(C'\fR to trap all that is reasonable (problems with
permissions and the like), and let it die if things get out
of hand. This is the safest course of action.
.RE
.RS 4
.RE
.ie n .IP "rmtree( $dir )" 4
.el .IP "rmtree( \f(CW$dir\fR )" 4
.IX Item "rmtree( $dir )"
.PD 0
.ie n .IP "rmtree( $dir, $verbose, $safe )" 4
.el .IP "rmtree( \f(CW$dir\fR, \f(CW$verbose\fR, \f(CW$safe\fR )" 4
.IX Item "rmtree( $dir, $verbose, $safe )"
.ie n .IP "rmtree( [$dir1, $dir2,...], $verbose, $safe )" 4
.el .IP "rmtree( [$dir1, \f(CW$dir2\fR,...], \f(CW$verbose\fR, \f(CW$safe\fR )" 4
.IX Item "rmtree( [$dir1, $dir2,...], $verbose, $safe )"
.ie n .IP "rmtree( $dir1, $dir2,..., \e%opt )" 4
.el .IP "rmtree( \f(CW$dir1\fR, \f(CW$dir2\fR,..., \e%opt )" 4
.IX Item "rmtree( $dir1, $dir2,..., %opt )"
.PD
The \fIrmtree()\fR function provide the legacy interface of \fIremove_tree()\fR
with a different interpretation of the arguments passed. The behaviour
and return value of the function is otherwise identical to
\&\fIremove_tree()\fR.
.SS "\s-1ERROR HANDLING\s0"
.IX Subsection "ERROR HANDLING"
.IP "\fB\s-1NOTE:\s0\fR" 4
.IX Item "NOTE:"
The following error handling mechanism is consistent throughout all
code paths \s-1EXCEPT\s0 in cases where the \s-1ROOT\s0 node is nonexistent.  In
version 2.11 the maintainers attempted to rectify this inconsistency
but too many downstream modules encountered problems.  In such case,
if you require root node evaluation or error checking prior to calling
\&\f(CW\*(C`make_path\*(C'\fR or \f(CW\*(C`remove_tree\*(C'\fR, you should take additional precautions.
.PP
If \f(CW\*(C`make_path\*(C'\fR or \f(CW\*(C`remove_tree\*(C'\fR encounter an error, a diagnostic
message will be printed to \f(CW\*(C`STDERR\*(C'\fR via \f(CW\*(C`carp\*(C'\fR (for non-fatal
errors), or via \f(CW\*(C`croak\*(C'\fR (for fatal errors).
.PP
If this behaviour is not desirable, the \f(CW\*(C`error\*(C'\fR attribute may be
used to hold a reference to a variable, which will be used to store
the diagnostics. The variable is made a reference to an array of hash
references.  Each hash contain a single key/value pair where the key
is the name of the file, and the value is the error message (including
the contents of \f(CW$!\fR when appropriate).  If a general error is
encountered the diagnostic key will be empty.
.PP
An example usage looks like:
.PP
.Vb 10
\&  remove_tree( \*(Aqfoo/bar\*(Aq, \*(Aqbar/rat\*(Aq, {error => \emy $err} );
\&  if (@$err) {
\&      for my $diag (@$err) {
\&          my ($file, $message) = %$diag;
\&          if ($file eq \*(Aq\*(Aq) {
\&              print "general error: $message\en";
\&          }
\&          else {
\&              print "problem unlinking $file: $message\en";
\&          }
\&      }
\&  }
\&  else {
\&      print "No error encountered\en";
\&  }
.Ve
.PP
Note that if no errors are encountered, \f(CW$err\fR will reference an
empty array.  This means that \f(CW$err\fR will always end up \s-1TRUE\s0; so you
need to test \f(CW@$err\fR to determine if errors occurred.
.SS "\s-1NOTES\s0"
.IX Subsection "NOTES"
\&\f(CW\*(C`File::Path\*(C'\fR blindly exports \f(CW\*(C`mkpath\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`rmtree\*(C'\fR into the
current namespace. These days, this is considered bad style, but
to change it now would break too much code. Nonetheless, you are
invited to specify what it is you are expecting to use:
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  use File::Path \*(Aqrmtree\*(Aq;
.Ve
.PP
The routines \f(CW\*(C`make_path\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`remove_tree\*(C'\fR are \fBnot\fR exported
by default. You must specify which ones you want to use.
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  use File::Path \*(Aqremove_tree\*(Aq;
.Ve
.PP
Note that a side-effect of the above is that \f(CW\*(C`mkpath\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`rmtree\*(C'\fR
are no longer exported at all. This is due to the way the \f(CW\*(C`Exporter\*(C'\fR
module works. If you are migrating a codebase to use the new
interface, you will have to list everything explicitly. But that's
just good practice anyway.
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  use File::Path qw(remove_tree rmtree);
.Ve
.PP
\fI\s-1API CHANGES\s0\fR
.IX Subsection "API CHANGES"
.PP
The \s-1API\s0 was changed in the 2.0 branch. For a time, \f(CW\*(C`mkpath\*(C'\fR and
\&\f(CW\*(C`rmtree\*(C'\fR tried, unsuccessfully, to deal with the two different
calling mechanisms. This approach was considered a failure.
.PP
The new semantics are now only available with \f(CW\*(C`make_path\*(C'\fR and
\&\f(CW\*(C`remove_tree\*(C'\fR. The old semantics are only available through
\&\f(CW\*(C`mkpath\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`rmtree\*(C'\fR. Users are strongly encouraged to upgrade
to at least 2.08 in order to avoid surprises.
.PP
\fI\s-1SECURITY CONSIDERATIONS\s0\fR
.IX Subsection "SECURITY CONSIDERATIONS"
.PP
There were race conditions 1.x implementations of File::Path's
\&\f(CW\*(C`rmtree\*(C'\fR function (although sometimes patched depending on the \s-1OS\s0
distribution or platform). The 2.0 version contains code to avoid the
problem mentioned in \s-1CVE\-2002\-0435.\s0
.PP
See the following pages for more information:
.PP
.Vb 3
\&  http://bugs.debian.org/cgi\-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=286905
\&  http://www.nntp.perl.org/group/perl.perl5.porters/2005/01/msg97623.html
\&  http://www.debian.org/security/2005/dsa\-696
.Ve
.PP
Additionally, unless the \f(CW\*(C`safe\*(C'\fR parameter is set (or the
third parameter in the traditional interface is \s-1TRUE\s0), should a
\&\f(CW\*(C`remove_tree\*(C'\fR be interrupted, files that were originally in read-only
mode may now have their permissions set to a read-write (or \*(L"delete
\&\s-1OK\*(R"\s0) mode.
.SH "DIAGNOSTICS"
.IX Header "DIAGNOSTICS"
\&\s-1FATAL\s0 errors will cause the program to halt (\f(CW\*(C`croak\*(C'\fR), since the
problem is so severe that it would be dangerous to continue. (This
can always be trapped with \f(CW\*(C`eval\*(C'\fR, but it's not a good idea. Under
the circumstances, dying is the best thing to do).
.PP
\&\s-1SEVERE\s0 errors may be trapped using the modern interface. If the
they are not trapped, or the old interface is used, such an error
will cause the program will halt.
.PP
All other errors may be trapped using the modern interface, otherwise
they will be \f(CW\*(C`carp\*(C'\fRed about. Program execution will not be halted.
.IP "mkdir [path]: [errmsg] (\s-1SEVERE\s0)" 4
.IX Item "mkdir [path]: [errmsg] (SEVERE)"
\&\f(CW\*(C`make_path\*(C'\fR was unable to create the path. Probably some sort of
permissions error at the point of departure, or insufficient resources
(such as free inodes on Unix).
.IP "No root path(s) specified" 4
.IX Item "No root path(s) specified"
\&\f(CW\*(C`make_path\*(C'\fR was not given any paths to create. This message is only
emitted if the routine is called with the traditional interface.
The modern interface will remain silent if given nothing to do.
.IP "No such file or directory" 4
.IX Item "No such file or directory"
On Windows, if \f(CW\*(C`make_path\*(C'\fR gives you this warning, it may mean that
you have exceeded your filesystem's maximum path length.
.IP "cannot fetch initial working directory: [errmsg]" 4
.IX Item "cannot fetch initial working directory: [errmsg]"
\&\f(CW\*(C`remove_tree\*(C'\fR attempted to determine the initial directory by calling
\&\f(CW\*(C`Cwd::getcwd\*(C'\fR, but the call failed for some reason. No attempt
will be made to delete anything.
.IP "cannot stat initial working directory: [errmsg]" 4
.IX Item "cannot stat initial working directory: [errmsg]"
\&\f(CW\*(C`remove_tree\*(C'\fR attempted to stat the initial directory (after having
successfully obtained its name via \f(CW\*(C`getcwd\*(C'\fR), however, the call
failed for some reason. No attempt will be made to delete anything.
.IP "cannot chdir to [dir]: [errmsg]" 4
.IX Item "cannot chdir to [dir]: [errmsg]"
\&\f(CW\*(C`remove_tree\*(C'\fR attempted to set the working directory in order to
begin deleting the objects therein, but was unsuccessful. This is
usually a permissions issue. The routine will continue to delete
other things, but this directory will be left intact.
.IP "directory [dir] changed before chdir, expected dev=[n] ino=[n], actual dev=[n] ino=[n], aborting. (\s-1FATAL\s0)" 4
.IX Item "directory [dir] changed before chdir, expected dev=[n] ino=[n], actual dev=[n] ino=[n], aborting. (FATAL)"
\&\f(CW\*(C`remove_tree\*(C'\fR recorded the device and inode of a directory, and then
moved into it. It then performed a \f(CW\*(C`stat\*(C'\fR on the current directory
and detected that the device and inode were no longer the same. As
this is at the heart of the race condition problem, the program
will die at this point.
.IP "cannot make directory [dir] read+writeable: [errmsg]" 4
.IX Item "cannot make directory [dir] read+writeable: [errmsg]"
\&\f(CW\*(C`remove_tree\*(C'\fR attempted to change the permissions on the current directory
to ensure that subsequent unlinkings would not run into problems,
but was unable to do so. The permissions remain as they were, and
the program will carry on, doing the best it can.
.IP "cannot read [dir]: [errmsg]" 4
.IX Item "cannot read [dir]: [errmsg]"
\&\f(CW\*(C`remove_tree\*(C'\fR tried to read the contents of the directory in order
to acquire the names of the directory entries to be unlinked, but
was unsuccessful. This is usually a permissions issue. The
program will continue, but the files in this directory will remain
after the call.
.IP "cannot reset chmod [dir]: [errmsg]" 4
.IX Item "cannot reset chmod [dir]: [errmsg]"
\&\f(CW\*(C`remove_tree\*(C'\fR, after having deleted everything in a directory, attempted
to restore its permissions to the original state but failed. The
directory may wind up being left behind.
.IP "cannot remove [dir] when cwd is [dir]" 4
.IX Item "cannot remove [dir] when cwd is [dir]"
The current working directory of the program is \fI/some/path/to/here\fR
and you are attempting to remove an ancestor, such as \fI/some/path\fR.
The directory tree is left untouched.
.Sp
The solution is to \f(CW\*(C`chdir\*(C'\fR out of the child directory to a place
outside the directory tree to be removed.
.IP "cannot chdir to [parent\-dir] from [child\-dir]: [errmsg], aborting. (\s-1FATAL\s0)" 4
.IX Item "cannot chdir to [parent-dir] from [child-dir]: [errmsg], aborting. (FATAL)"
\&\f(CW\*(C`remove_tree\*(C'\fR, after having deleted everything and restored the permissions
of a directory, was unable to chdir back to the parent. The program
halts to avoid a race condition from occurring.
.IP "cannot stat prior working directory [dir]: [errmsg], aborting. (\s-1FATAL\s0)" 4
.IX Item "cannot stat prior working directory [dir]: [errmsg], aborting. (FATAL)"
\&\f(CW\*(C`remove_tree\*(C'\fR was unable to stat the parent directory after have returned
from the child. Since there is no way of knowing if we returned to
where we think we should be (by comparing device and inode) the only
way out is to \f(CW\*(C`croak\*(C'\fR.
.IP "previous directory [parent\-dir] changed before entering [child\-dir], expected dev=[n] ino=[n], actual dev=[n] ino=[n], aborting. (\s-1FATAL\s0)" 4
.IX Item "previous directory [parent-dir] changed before entering [child-dir], expected dev=[n] ino=[n], actual dev=[n] ino=[n], aborting. (FATAL)"
When \f(CW\*(C`remove_tree\*(C'\fR returned from deleting files in a child directory, a
check revealed that the parent directory it returned to wasn't the one
it started out from. This is considered a sign of malicious activity.
.IP "cannot make directory [dir] writeable: [errmsg]" 4
.IX Item "cannot make directory [dir] writeable: [errmsg]"
Just before removing a directory (after having successfully removed
everything it contained), \f(CW\*(C`remove_tree\*(C'\fR attempted to set the permissions
on the directory to ensure it could be removed and failed. Program
execution continues, but the directory may possibly not be deleted.
.IP "cannot remove directory [dir]: [errmsg]" 4
.IX Item "cannot remove directory [dir]: [errmsg]"
\&\f(CW\*(C`remove_tree\*(C'\fR attempted to remove a directory, but failed. This may because
some objects that were unable to be removed remain in the directory, or
a permissions issue. The directory will be left behind.
.IP "cannot restore permissions of [dir] to [0nnn]: [errmsg]" 4
.IX Item "cannot restore permissions of [dir] to [0nnn]: [errmsg]"
After having failed to remove a directory, \f(CW\*(C`remove_tree\*(C'\fR was unable to
restore its permissions from a permissive state back to a possibly
more restrictive setting. (Permissions given in octal).
.IP "cannot make file [file] writeable: [errmsg]" 4
.IX Item "cannot make file [file] writeable: [errmsg]"
\&\f(CW\*(C`remove_tree\*(C'\fR attempted to force the permissions of a file to ensure it
could be deleted, but failed to do so. It will, however, still attempt
to unlink the file.
.IP "cannot unlink file [file]: [errmsg]" 4
.IX Item "cannot unlink file [file]: [errmsg]"
\&\f(CW\*(C`remove_tree\*(C'\fR failed to remove a file. Probably a permissions issue.
.IP "cannot restore permissions of [file] to [0nnn]: [errmsg]" 4
.IX Item "cannot restore permissions of [file] to [0nnn]: [errmsg]"
After having failed to remove a file, \f(CW\*(C`remove_tree\*(C'\fR was also unable
to restore the permissions on the file to a possibly less permissive
setting. (Permissions given in octal).
.IP "unable to map [owner] to a uid, ownership not changed"");" 4
.IX Item "unable to map [owner] to a uid, ownership not changed"");"
\&\f(CW\*(C`make_path\*(C'\fR was instructed to give the ownership of created
directories to the symbolic name [owner], but \f(CW\*(C`getpwnam\*(C'\fR did
not return the corresponding numeric uid. The directory will
be created, but ownership will not be changed.
.IP "unable to map [group] to a gid, group ownership not changed" 4
.IX Item "unable to map [group] to a gid, group ownership not changed"
\&\f(CW\*(C`make_path\*(C'\fR was instructed to give the group ownership of created
directories to the symbolic name [group], but \f(CW\*(C`getgrnam\*(C'\fR did
not return the corresponding numeric gid. The directory will
be created, but group ownership will not be changed.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.IX Header "SEE ALSO"
.IP "\(bu" 4
File::Remove
.Sp
Allows files and directories to be moved to the Trashcan/Recycle
Bin (where they may later be restored if necessary) if the operating
system supports such functionality. This feature may one day be
made available directly in \f(CW\*(C`File::Path\*(C'\fR.
.IP "\(bu" 4
File::Find::Rule
.Sp
When removing directory trees, if you want to examine each file to
decide whether to delete it (and possibly leaving large swathes
alone), \fIFile::Find::Rule\fR offers a convenient and flexible approach
to examining directory trees.
.SH "BUGS AND LIMITATIONS"
.IX Header "BUGS AND LIMITATIONS"
The following describes \fIFile::Path\fR limitations and how to report bugs.
.SS "\s-1MULTITHREAD APPLICATIONS\s0"
.IX Subsection "MULTITHREAD APPLICATIONS"
\&\fIFile::Path\fR \fBrmtree\fR and \fBremove_tree\fR will not work with multithreaded
applications due to its use of \fBchdir\fR.  At this time, no warning or error
results and you will certainly encounter unexpected results.
.PP
The implementation that surfaces this limitation may change in a future
release.
.SS "\s-1NFS\s0 Mount Points"
.IX Subsection "NFS Mount Points"
\&\fIFile::Path\fR is not responsible for triggering the automounts, mirror mounts,
and the contents of network mounted filesystems.  If your \s-1NFS\s0 implementation
requires an action to be performed on the filesystem in order for
\&\fIFile::Path\fR to perform operations, it is strongly suggested you assure
filesystem availability by reading the root of the mounted filesystem.
.SS "\s-1REPORTING BUGS\s0"
.IX Subsection "REPORTING BUGS"
Please report all bugs on the \s-1RT\s0 queue, either via the web interface:
.PP
<http://rt.cpan.org/NoAuth/Bugs.html?Dist=File\-Path>
.PP
or by email:
.PP
.Vb 1
\&    bug\-File\-Path@rt.cpan.org
.Ve
.PP
In either case, please \fBattach\fR patches to the bug report rather than
including them inline in the web post or the body of the email.
.PP
You can also send pull requests to the Github repository:
.PP
<https://github.com/rpcme/File\-Path>
.SH "ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS"
.IX Header "ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS"
Paul Szabo identified the race condition originally, and Brendan
O'Dea wrote an implementation for Debian that addressed the problem.
That code was used as a basis for the current code. Their efforts
are greatly appreciated.
.PP
Gisle Aas made a number of improvements to the documentation for
2.07 and his advice and assistance is also greatly appreciated.
.SH "AUTHORS"
.IX Header "AUTHORS"
Prior authors and maintainers: Tim Bunce, Charles Bailey, and
David Landgren <\fIdavid@landgren.net\fR>.
.PP
Current maintainers are Richard Elberger <\fIriche@cpan.org\fR> and
James (Jim) Keenan <\fIjkeenan@cpan.org\fR>.
.SH "CONTRIBUTORS"
.IX Header "CONTRIBUTORS"
Contributors to File::Path, in alphabetical order.
.IP "<\fIbulkdd@cpan.org\fR>" 1
.IX Item "<bulkdd@cpan.org>"
.PD 0
.IP "Craig A. Berry <\fIcraigberry@mac.com\fR>" 1
.IX Item "Craig A. Berry <craigberry@mac.com>"
.IP "Richard Elberger <\fIriche@cpan.org\fR>" 1
.IX Item "Richard Elberger <riche@cpan.org>"
.IP "Ryan Yee <\fIryee@cpan.org\fR>" 1
.IX Item "Ryan Yee <ryee@cpan.org>"
.IP "Skye Shaw <\fIshaw@cpan.org\fR>" 1
.IX Item "Skye Shaw <shaw@cpan.org>"
.IP "Tom Lutz <\fItommylutz@gmail.com\fR>" 1
.IX Item "Tom Lutz <tommylutz@gmail.com>"
.PD
.SH "COPYRIGHT"
.IX Header "COPYRIGHT"
This module is copyright (C) Charles Bailey, Tim Bunce, David Landgren,
James Keenan, and Richard Elberger 1995\-2015. All rights reserved.
.SH "LICENSE"
.IX Header "LICENSE"
This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the same terms as Perl itself.

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