/
usr
/
local
/
share
/
man
/
man3
/
/usr/local/share/man/man3
mkdir
upload
Name
Size
Mode
Actions
App::Prove.3pm
10508
0444
edit
dl
rm
App::Prove::State.3pm
6005
0444
edit
dl
rm
App::Prove::State::Result.3pm
5619
0444
edit
dl
rm
App::Prove::State::Result::Test.3pm
5051
0444
edit
dl
rm
AppConfig.3pm
35289
0444
edit
dl
rm
AppConfig::Args.3pm
7992
0444
edit
dl
rm
AppConfig::CGI.3pm
6609
0444
edit
dl
rm
AppConfig::File.3pm
12614
0444
edit
dl
rm
AppConfig::Getopt.3pm
7444
0444
edit
dl
rm
AppConfig::State.3pm
24972
0444
edit
dl
rm
AppConfig::Sys.3pm
6695
0444
edit
dl
rm
Archive::Tar.3pm
44061
0444
edit
dl
rm
Archive::Tar::File.3pm
11083
0444
edit
dl
rm
Archive::Zip.3pm
69985
0444
edit
dl
rm
Archive::Zip::FAQ.3pm
18437
0444
edit
dl
rm
Archive::Zip::MemberRead.3pm
6734
0444
edit
dl
rm
Archive::Zip::Tree.3pm
2875
0444
edit
dl
rm
B::COW.3pm
5163
0444
edit
dl
rm
Canary::Stability.3pm
3727
0444
edit
dl
rm
CDB_File.3pm
14318
0444
edit
dl
rm
common::sense.3pm
0
0444
edit
dl
rm
Compress::Raw::Bzip2.3pm
13463
0444
edit
dl
rm
Compress::Raw::Zlib.3pm
42082
0444
edit
dl
rm
Compress::Zlib.3pm
38719
0444
edit
dl
rm
CPAN::Meta.3pm
15923
0444
edit
dl
rm
CPAN::Meta::Converter.3pm
6594
0444
edit
dl
rm
CPAN::Meta::Feature.3pm
4322
0444
edit
dl
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CPAN::Meta::History.3pm
7855
0444
edit
dl
rm
CPAN::Meta::History::Meta_1_0.3pm
9973
0444
edit
dl
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CPAN::Meta::History::Meta_1_1.3pm
12410
0444
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dl
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CPAN::Meta::History::Meta_1_2.3pm
22224
0444
edit
dl
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CPAN::Meta::History::Meta_1_3.3pm
23974
0444
edit
dl
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CPAN::Meta::History::Meta_1_4.3pm
24565
0444
edit
dl
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CPAN::Meta::Merge.3pm
5285
0444
edit
dl
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CPAN::Meta::Prereqs.3pm
7380
0444
edit
dl
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CPAN::Meta::Requirements.3pm
12308
0444
edit
dl
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CPAN::Meta::Spec.3pm
45592
0444
edit
dl
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CPAN::Meta::Validator.3pm
4215
0444
edit
dl
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CPAN::Meta::YAML.3pm
4230
0444
edit
dl
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Crypt::OpenSSL::Random.3pm
5634
0444
edit
dl
rm
Curses.3pm
37580
0444
edit
dl
rm
Curses::UI.3pm
15619
0444
edit
dl
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Curses::UI::Buttonbox.3pm
8908
0444
edit
dl
rm
Curses::UI::Calendar.3pm
8203
0444
edit
dl
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Curses::UI::Checkbox.3pm
6509
0444
edit
dl
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Curses::UI::Color.3pm
5903
0444
edit
dl
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Curses::UI::Common.3pm
6498
0444
edit
dl
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Curses::UI::Container.3pm
9041
0444
edit
dl
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Curses::UI::Dialog::Basic.3pm
5213
0444
edit
dl
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Curses::UI::Dialog::Calendar.3pm
4761
0444
edit
dl
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Curses::UI::Dialog::Dirbrowser.3pm
5369
0444
edit
dl
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Curses::UI::Dialog::Error.3pm
4307
0444
edit
dl
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Curses::UI::Dialog::Filebrowser.3pm
6889
0444
edit
dl
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Curses::UI::Dialog::Progress.3pm
5774
0444
edit
dl
rm
Curses::UI::Dialog::Question.3pm
5277
0444
edit
dl
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Curses::UI::Dialog::Status.3pm
4765
0444
edit
dl
rm
Curses::UI::Label.3pm
7333
0444
edit
dl
rm
Curses::UI::Listbox.3pm
11988
0444
edit
dl
rm
Curses::UI::Menubar.3pm
8110
0444
edit
dl
rm
Curses::UI::Notebook.3pm
9140
0444
edit
dl
rm
Curses::UI::PasswordEntry.3pm
3743
0444
edit
dl
rm
Curses::UI::Popupmenu.3pm
7431
0444
edit
dl
rm
Curses::UI::Progressbar.3pm
5891
0444
edit
dl
rm
Curses::UI::Radiobuttonbox.3pm
4069
0444
edit
dl
rm
Curses::UI::Searchable.3pm
6668
0444
edit
dl
rm
Curses::UI::TextEditor.3pm
14171
0444
edit
dl
rm
Curses::UI::TextEntry.3pm
3623
0444
edit
dl
rm
Curses::UI::TextViewer.3pm
3670
0444
edit
dl
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Curses::UI::Tutorial.3pm
8555
0444
edit
dl
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Curses::UI::Widget.3pm
25675
0444
edit
dl
rm
Curses::UI::Window.3pm
5084
0444
edit
dl
rm
Cwd.3pm
7183
0444
edit
dl
rm
Date::Format.3pm
7291
0444
edit
dl
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Date::Language.3pm
3809
0444
edit
dl
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Date::Language::Bulgarian.3pm
3675
0444
edit
dl
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Date::Language::Hungarian.3pm
3091
0444
edit
dl
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Date::Parse.3pm
5402
0444
edit
dl
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Digest::SHA.3pm
25759
0444
edit
dl
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Expect.3pm
60229
0444
edit
dl
rm
ExtUtils::CBuilder.3pm
11923
0444
edit
dl
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ExtUtils::CBuilder::Platform::Windows.3pm
3117
0444
edit
dl
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ExtUtils::Command.3pm
5942
0444
edit
dl
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ExtUtils::Command::MM.3pm
5723
0444
edit
dl
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ExtUtils::Liblist.3pm
12679
0444
edit
dl
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ExtUtils::MakeMaker.3pm
79357
0444
edit
dl
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ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Config.3pm
2587
0444
edit
dl
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ExtUtils::MakeMaker::FAQ.3pm
26829
0444
edit
dl
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ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Locale.3pm
11168
0444
edit
dl
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ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Tutorial.3pm
8389
0444
edit
dl
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ExtUtils::Manifest.3pm
11961
0444
edit
dl
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ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap.3pm
3459
0444
edit
dl
rm
ExtUtils::Mksymlists.3pm
6699
0444
edit
dl
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ExtUtils::MM.3pm
2829
0444
edit
dl
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ExtUtils::MM_AIX.3pm
3044
0444
edit
dl
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ExtUtils::MM_Any.3pm
31129
0444
edit
dl
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ExtUtils::MM_BeOS.3pm
2798
0444
edit
dl
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ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin.3pm
3569
0444
edit
dl
rm
ExtUtils::MM_Darwin.3pm
2688
0444
edit
dl
rm
ExtUtils::MM_DOS.3pm
3021
0444
edit
dl
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ExtUtils::MM_MacOS.3pm
2987
0444
edit
dl
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ExtUtils::MM_NW5.3pm
3200
0444
edit
dl
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ExtUtils::MM_OS2.3pm
2886
0444
edit
dl
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ExtUtils::MM_QNX.3pm
2942
0444
edit
dl
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ExtUtils::MM_Unix.3pm
21419
0444
edit
dl
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ExtUtils::MM_UWIN.3pm
3051
0444
edit
dl
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ExtUtils::MM_VMS.3pm
14900
0444
edit
dl
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ExtUtils::MM_VOS.3pm
2926
0444
edit
dl
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ExtUtils::MM_Win32.3pm
5919
0444
edit
dl
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ExtUtils::MM_Win95.3pm
3276
0444
edit
dl
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ExtUtils::MY.3pm
2764
0444
edit
dl
rm
ExtUtils::testlib.3pm
2690
0444
edit
dl
rm
File::GlobMapper.3pm
11447
0444
edit
dl
rm
File::HomeDir.3pm
18212
0444
edit
dl
rm
File::HomeDir::Darwin.3pm
3232
0444
edit
dl
rm
File::HomeDir::Darwin::Carbon.3pm
3517
0444
edit
dl
rm
File::HomeDir::Darwin::Cocoa.3pm
3446
0444
edit
dl
rm
File::HomeDir::Driver.3pm
3101
0444
edit
dl
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File::HomeDir::FreeDesktop.3pm
3487
0444
edit
dl
rm
File::HomeDir::MacOS9.3pm
3499
0444
edit
dl
rm
File::HomeDir::Test.3pm
3534
0444
edit
dl
rm
File::HomeDir::Unix.3pm
3638
0444
edit
dl
rm
File::HomeDir::Windows.3pm
4891
0444
edit
dl
rm
File::Path.3pm
31030
0444
edit
dl
rm
File::Slurp.3pm
23626
0444
edit
dl
rm
File::Spec.3pm
13784
0444
edit
dl
rm
File::Spec::AmigaOS.3pm
2826
0444
edit
dl
rm
File::Spec::Cygwin.3pm
3957
0444
edit
dl
rm
File::Spec::Epoc.3pm
3251
0444
edit
dl
rm
File::Spec::Functions.3pm
3799
0444
edit
dl
rm
File::Spec::Mac.3pm
18664
0444
edit
dl
rm
File::Spec::OS2.3pm
3118
0444
edit
dl
rm
File::Spec::Unix.3pm
9837
0444
edit
dl
rm
File::Spec::VMS.3pm
6389
0444
edit
dl
rm
File::Spec::Win32.3pm
6451
0444
edit
dl
rm
File::Temp.3pm
36799
0444
edit
dl
rm
File::Which.3pm
9746
0444
edit
dl
rm
Getopt::Long.3pm
52647
0444
edit
dl
rm
HDB.3pm
10947
0444
edit
dl
rm
HDB::CMDS.3pm
18894
0444
edit
dl
rm
HDB::Encode.3pm
7863
0444
edit
dl
rm
HDB::Object.3pm
10057
0444
edit
dl
rm
HTML::AsSubs.3pm
8586
0444
edit
dl
rm
HTML::Element.3pm
70793
0444
edit
dl
rm
HTML::Element::traverse.3pm
15984
0444
edit
dl
rm
HTML::Form.3pm
28158
0444
edit
dl
rm
HTML::Parse.3pm
8277
0444
edit
dl
rm
HTML::Tree.3pm
9982
0444
edit
dl
rm
HTML::Tree::AboutObjects.3pm
37918
0444
edit
dl
rm
HTML::Tree::AboutTrees.3pm
58534
0444
edit
dl
rm
HTML::Tree::Scanning.3pm
34385
0444
edit
dl
rm
HTML::TreeBuilder.3pm
30138
0444
edit
dl
rm
HTTP::Tiny.3pm
27709
0444
edit
dl
rm
IO::AtomicFile.3pm
5381
0444
edit
dl
rm
IO::Compress::Base.3pm
3506
0444
edit
dl
rm
IO::Compress::Bzip2.3pm
23260
0444
edit
dl
rm
IO::Compress::Deflate.3pm
26768
0444
edit
dl
rm
IO::Compress::FAQ.3pm
26718
0444
edit
dl
rm
IO::Compress::Gzip.3pm
34489
0444
edit
dl
rm
IO::Compress::RawDeflate.3pm
27134
0444
edit
dl
rm
IO::Compress::Zip.3pm
40870
0444
edit
dl
rm
IO::InnerFile.3pm
6035
0444
edit
dl
rm
IO::Lines.3pm
3783
0444
edit
dl
rm
IO::Pty.3pm
8579
0444
edit
dl
rm
IO::Scalar.3pm
10679
0444
edit
dl
rm
IO::ScalarArray.3pm
10528
0444
edit
dl
rm
IO::Stringy.3pm
4049
0444
edit
dl
rm
IO::Tty.3pm
8348
0444
edit
dl
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IO::Tty::Constant.3pm
10012
0444
edit
dl
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IO::Uncompress::AnyInflate.3pm
32800
0444
edit
dl
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IO::Uncompress::AnyUncompress.3pm
30767
0444
edit
dl
rm
IO::Uncompress::Base.3pm
3518
0444
edit
dl
rm
IO::Uncompress::Bunzip2.3pm
29171
0444
edit
dl
rm
IO::Uncompress::Gunzip.3pm
31719
0444
edit
dl
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IO::Uncompress::Inflate.3pm
29915
0444
edit
dl
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IO::Uncompress::RawInflate.3pm
29563
0444
edit
dl
rm
IO::Uncompress::Unzip.3pm
31279
0444
edit
dl
rm
IO::Wrap.3pm
10664
0444
edit
dl
rm
IO::WrapTie.3pm
14987
0444
edit
dl
rm
JSON::PP.3pm
50080
0444
edit
dl
rm
JSON::PP::Boolean.3pm
2667
0444
edit
dl
rm
JSON::Syck.3pm
8094
0444
edit
dl
rm
JSON::XS.3pm
89037
0444
edit
dl
rm
JSON::XS::Boolean.3pm
2857
0444
edit
dl
rm
lib::core::only.3pm
5647
0444
edit
dl
rm
local::lib.3pm
31390
0444
edit
dl
rm
LWP.3pm
28506
0444
edit
dl
rm
LWP::Authen::Ntlm.3pm
7489
0444
edit
dl
rm
LWP::ConnCache.3pm
9967
0444
edit
dl
rm
LWP::Debug.3pm
5608
0444
edit
dl
rm
LWP::MemberMixin.3pm
4821
0444
edit
dl
rm
LWP::Protocol.3pm
8350
0444
edit
dl
rm
LWP::Protocol::https.3pm
5684
0444
edit
dl
rm
LWP::RobotUA.3pm
9022
0444
edit
dl
rm
LWP::Simple.3pm
9016
0444
edit
dl
rm
LWP::UserAgent.3pm
48156
0444
edit
dl
rm
lwpcook.3pm
14838
0444
edit
dl
rm
lwptut.3pm
32441
0444
edit
dl
rm
Module::Build.3pm
44563
0444
edit
dl
rm
Module::Build::API.3pm
89267
0444
edit
dl
rm
Module::Build::Authoring.3pm
17363
0444
edit
dl
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Module::Build::Base.3pm
5157
0444
edit
dl
rm
Module::Build::Bundling.3pm
9999
0444
edit
dl
rm
Module::Build::Compat.3pm
10885
0444
edit
dl
rm
Module::Build::ConfigData.3pm
7388
0444
edit
dl
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Module::Build::Cookbook.3pm
25946
0444
edit
dl
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Module::Build::Notes.3pm
4690
0444
edit
dl
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Module::Build::Platform::aix.3pm
4472
0444
edit
dl
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Module::Build::Platform::cygwin.3pm
4505
0444
edit
dl
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Module::Build::Platform::darwin.3pm
4491
0444
edit
dl
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Module::Build::Platform::Default.3pm
4490
0444
edit
dl
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Module::Build::Platform::MacOS.3pm
5398
0444
edit
dl
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Module::Build::Platform::os2.3pm
4474
0444
edit
dl
rm
Module::Build::Platform::Unix.3pm
4481
0444
edit
dl
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Module::Build::Platform::VMS.3pm
7885
0444
edit
dl
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Module::Build::Platform::VOS.3pm
4477
0444
edit
dl
rm
Module::Build::Platform::Windows.3pm
4529
0444
edit
dl
rm
Module::Build::PPMMaker.3pm
4886
0444
edit
dl
rm
Mozilla::CA.3pm
3571
0444
edit
dl
rm
Net::CIDR::Lite.3pm
9562
0444
edit
dl
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Net::Cmd.3pm
11545
0444
edit
dl
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Net::Config.3pm
8100
0444
edit
dl
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Net::Domain.3pm
3835
0444
edit
dl
rm
Net::FTP.3pm
27341
0444
edit
dl
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Net::FTP::dataconn.3pm
3979
0444
edit
dl
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Net::HTTP.3pm
16375
0444
edit
dl
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Net::HTTP::NB.3pm
5394
0444
edit
dl
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Net::HTTPS.3pm
5438
0444
edit
dl
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Net::IP.3pm
27697
0444
edit
dl
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Net::libnetFAQ.3pm
14746
0444
edit
dl
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Net::Netrc.3pm
6729
0444
edit
dl
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Net::NNTP.3pm
23193
0444
edit
dl
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Net::POP3.3pm
12259
0444
edit
dl
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Net::SMTP.3pm
18880
0444
edit
dl
rm
Net::SSLeay.3pm
349350
0444
edit
dl
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Net::SSLeay::Handle.3pm
9127
0444
edit
dl
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Net::Time.3pm
4524
0444
edit
dl
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ok.3pm
2851
0444
edit
dl
rm
Parse::CPAN::Meta.3pm
10187
0444
edit
dl
rm
POD2::DE::local::lib.3pm
22879
0444
edit
dl
rm
POD2::PT_BR::local::lib.3pm
22762
0444
edit
dl
rm
Socket.3pm
34078
0444
edit
dl
rm
Sub::Identify.3pm
5087
0444
edit
dl
rm
SUPER.3pm
7394
0444
edit
dl
rm
Switch.3pm
19014
0444
edit
dl
rm
TAP::Base.3pm
3401
0444
edit
dl
rm
TAP::Formatter::Base.3pm
6233
0444
edit
dl
rm
TAP::Formatter::Color.3pm
3717
0444
edit
dl
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TAP::Formatter::Console.3pm
2722
0444
edit
dl
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TAP::Formatter::Console::ParallelSession.3pm
3065
0444
edit
dl
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TAP::Formatter::Console::Session.3pm
2832
0444
edit
dl
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TAP::Formatter::File.3pm
2693
0444
edit
dl
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TAP::Formatter::File::Session.3pm
2847
0444
edit
dl
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TAP::Formatter::Session.3pm
3603
0444
edit
dl
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TAP::Harness.3pm
21300
0444
edit
dl
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TAP::Harness::Beyond.3pm
19118
0444
edit
dl
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TAP::Harness::Env.3pm
5467
0444
edit
dl
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TAP::Object.3pm
4497
0444
edit
dl
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TAP::Parser.3pm
42210
0444
edit
dl
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TAP::Parser::Aggregator.3pm
8023
0444
edit
dl
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TAP::Parser::Grammar.3pm
8647
0444
edit
dl
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TAP::Parser::Iterator.3pm
4993
0444
edit
dl
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TAP::Parser::Iterator::Array.3pm
3771
0444
edit
dl
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TAP::Parser::Iterator::Process.3pm
4601
0444
edit
dl
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TAP::Parser::Iterator::Stream.3pm
3712
0444
edit
dl
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TAP::Parser::IteratorFactory.3pm
6904
0444
edit
dl
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TAP::Parser::Multiplexer.3pm
4646
0444
edit
dl
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TAP::Parser::Result.3pm
7512
0444
edit
dl
rm
TAP::Parser::Result::Bailout.3pm
3293
0444
edit
dl
rm
TAP::Parser::Result::Comment.3pm
3118
0444
edit
dl
rm
TAP::Parser::Result::Plan.3pm
4173
0444
edit
dl
rm
TAP::Parser::Result::Pragma.3pm
3073
0444
edit
dl
rm
TAP::Parser::Result::Test.3pm
7114
0444
edit
dl
rm
TAP::Parser::Result::Unknown.3pm
2973
0444
edit
dl
rm
TAP::Parser::Result::Version.3pm
3154
0444
edit
dl
rm
TAP::Parser::Result::YAML.3pm
3086
0444
edit
dl
rm
TAP::Parser::ResultFactory.3pm
5523
0444
edit
dl
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TAP::Parser::Scheduler.3pm
8113
0444
edit
dl
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TAP::Parser::Scheduler::Job.3pm
4301
0444
edit
dl
rm
TAP::Parser::Scheduler::Spinner.3pm
3346
0444
edit
dl
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TAP::Parser::Source.3pm
8170
0444
edit
dl
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TAP::Parser::SourceHandler.3pm
7559
0444
edit
dl
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TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::Executable.3pm
5297
0444
edit
dl
rm
TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::File.3pm
4567
0444
edit
dl
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TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::Handle.3pm
4425
0444
edit
dl
rm
TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::Perl.3pm
6262
0444
edit
dl
rm
TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::RawTAP.3pm
4434
0444
edit
dl
rm
TAP::Parser::YAMLish::Reader.3pm
3995
0444
edit
dl
rm
TAP::Parser::YAMLish::Writer.3pm
4879
0444
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/usr/local/share/man/man3/Module::Build.3pm
(44563B)
.\" Automatically generated by Pod::Man 2.27 (Pod::Simple 3.28) .\" .\" Standard preamble: .\" ======================================================================== .de Sp \" Vertical space (when we can't use .PP) .if t .sp .5v .if n .sp .. .de Vb \" Begin verbatim text .ft CW .nf .ne \\$1 .. .de Ve \" End verbatim text .ft R .fi .. .\" Set up some character translations and predefined strings. \*(-- will .\" give an unbreakable dash, \*(PI will give pi, \*(L" will give a left .\" double quote, and \*(R" will give a right double quote. \*(C+ will .\" give a nicer C++. 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Of course, you'll have to process the .\" output yourself in some meaningful fashion. .\" .\" Avoid warning from groff about undefined register 'F'. .de IX .. .nr rF 0 .if \n(.g .if rF .nr rF 1 .if (\n(rF:(\n(.g==0)) \{ . if \nF \{ . de IX . tm Index:\\$1\t\\n%\t"\\$2" .. . if !\nF==2 \{ . nr % 0 . nr F 2 . \} . \} .\} .rr rF .\" .\" Accent mark definitions (@(#)ms.acc 1.5 88/02/08 SMI; from UCB 4.2). .\" Fear. Run. Save yourself. No user-serviceable parts. . \" fudge factors for nroff and troff .if n \{\ . ds #H 0 . ds #V .8m . ds #F .3m . ds #[ \f1 . ds #] \fP .\} .if t \{\ . ds #H ((1u-(\\\\n(.fu%2u))*.13m) . ds #V .6m . ds #F 0 . ds #[ \& . ds #] \& .\} . \" simple accents for nroff and troff .if n \{\ . ds ' \& . ds ` \& . ds ^ \& . ds , \& . ds ~ ~ . ds / .\} .if t \{\ . ds ' \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\'\h"|\\n:u" . ds ` \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\`\h'|\\n:u' . ds ^ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*10/11-\*(#H)'^\h'|\\n:u' . ds , \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10)',\h'|\\n:u' . ds ~ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu-\*(#H-.1m)'~\h'|\\n:u' . ds / \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\z\(sl\h'|\\n:u' .\} . \" troff and (daisy-wheel) nroff accents .ds : \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H+.1m+\*(#F)'\v'-\*(#V'\z.\h'.2m+\*(#F'.\h'|\\n:u'\v'\*(#V' .ds 8 \h'\*(#H'\(*b\h'-\*(#H' .ds o \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu+\w'\(de'u-\*(#H)/2u'\v'-.3n'\*(#[\z\(de\v'.3n'\h'|\\n:u'\*(#] .ds d- \h'\*(#H'\(pd\h'-\w'~'u'\v'-.25m'\f2\(hy\fP\v'.25m'\h'-\*(#H' .ds D- D\\k:\h'-\w'D'u'\v'-.11m'\z\(hy\v'.11m'\h'|\\n:u' .ds th \*(#[\v'.3m'\s+1I\s-1\v'-.3m'\h'-(\w'I'u*2/3)'\s-1o\s+1\*(#] .ds Th \*(#[\s+2I\s-2\h'-\w'I'u*3/5'\v'-.3m'o\v'.3m'\*(#] .ds ae a\h'-(\w'a'u*4/10)'e .ds Ae A\h'-(\w'A'u*4/10)'E . \" corrections for vroff .if v .ds ~ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*9/10-\*(#H)'\s-2\u~\d\s+2\h'|\\n:u' .if v .ds ^ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*10/11-\*(#H)'\v'-.4m'^\v'.4m'\h'|\\n:u' . \" for low resolution devices (crt and lpr) .if \n(.H>23 .if \n(.V>19 \ \{\ . ds : e . ds 8 ss . ds o a . ds d- d\h'-1'\(ga . ds D- D\h'-1'\(hy . ds th \o'bp' . ds Th \o'LP' . ds ae ae . ds Ae AE .\} .rm #[ #] #H #V #F C .\" ======================================================================== .\" .IX Title "Module::Build 3" .TH Module::Build 3 "2016-10-25" "perl v5.16.3" "User Contributed Perl Documentation" .\" For nroff, turn off justification. Always turn off hyphenation; it makes .\" way too many mistakes in technical documents. .if n .ad l .nh .SH "NAME" Module::Build \- Build and install Perl modules .SH "SYNOPSIS" .IX Header "SYNOPSIS" Standard process for building & installing modules: .PP .Vb 4 \& perl Build.PL \& ./Build \& ./Build test \& ./Build install .Ve .PP Or, if you're on a platform (like \s-1DOS\s0 or Windows) that doesn't require the \*(L"./\*(R" notation, you can do this: .PP .Vb 4 \& perl Build.PL \& Build \& Build test \& Build install .Ve .SH "DESCRIPTION" .IX Header "DESCRIPTION" \&\f(CW\*(C`Module::Build\*(C'\fR is a system for building, testing, and installing Perl modules. It is meant to be an alternative to \&\f(CW\*(C`ExtUtils::MakeMaker\*(C'\fR. Developers may alter the behavior of the module through subclassing in a much more straightforward way than with \f(CW\*(C`MakeMaker\*(C'\fR. It also does not require a \f(CW\*(C`make\*(C'\fR on your system \&\- most of the \f(CW\*(C`Module::Build\*(C'\fR code is pure-perl and written in a very cross-platform way. .PP See \*(L"\s-1MOTIVATIONS\*(R"\s0 for more comparisons between \f(CW\*(C`ExtUtils::MakeMaker\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`Module::Build\*(C'\fR. .PP To install \f(CW\*(C`Module::Build\*(C'\fR, and any other module that uses \&\f(CW\*(C`Module::Build\*(C'\fR for its installation process, do the following: .PP .Vb 4 \& perl Build.PL # \*(AqBuild.PL\*(Aq script creates the \*(AqBuild\*(Aq script \& ./Build # Need ./ to ensure we\*(Aqre using this "Build" script \& ./Build test # and not another one that happens to be in the PATH \& ./Build install .Ve .PP This illustrates initial configuration and the running of three \&'actions'. In this case the actions run are 'build' (the default action), 'test', and 'install'. Other actions defined so far include: .PP .Vb 10 \& build manifest \& clean manifest_skip \& code manpages \& config_data pardist \& diff ppd \& dist ppmdist \& distcheck prereq_data \& distclean prereq_report \& distdir pure_install \& distinstall realclean \& distmeta retest \& distsign skipcheck \& disttest test \& docs testall \& fakeinstall testcover \& help testdb \& html testpod \& install testpodcoverage \& installdeps versioninstall .Ve .PP You can run the 'help' action for a complete list of actions. .SH "GUIDE TO DOCUMENTATION" .IX Header "GUIDE TO DOCUMENTATION" The documentation for \f(CW\*(C`Module::Build\*(C'\fR is broken up into sections: .IP "General Usage (Module::Build)" 4 .IX Item "General Usage (Module::Build)" This is the document you are currently reading. It describes basic usage and background information. Its main purpose is to assist the user who wants to learn how to invoke and control \f(CW\*(C`Module::Build\*(C'\fR scripts at the command line. .IP "Authoring Reference (Module::Build::Authoring)" 4 .IX Item "Authoring Reference (Module::Build::Authoring)" This document describes the structure and organization of \&\f(CW\*(C`Module::Build\*(C'\fR, and the relevant concepts needed by authors who are writing \fIBuild.PL\fR scripts for a distribution or controlling \&\f(CW\*(C`Module::Build\*(C'\fR processes programmatically. .IP "\s-1API\s0 Reference (Module::Build::API)" 4 .IX Item "API Reference (Module::Build::API)" This is a reference to the \f(CW\*(C`Module::Build\*(C'\fR \s-1API.\s0 .IP "Cookbook (Module::Build::Cookbook)" 4 .IX Item "Cookbook (Module::Build::Cookbook)" This document demonstrates how to accomplish many common tasks. It covers general command line usage and authoring of \fIBuild.PL\fR scripts. Includes working examples. .SH "ACTIONS" .IX Header "ACTIONS" There are some general principles at work here. First, each task when building a module is called an \*(L"action\*(R". These actions are listed above; they correspond to the building, testing, installing, packaging, etc., tasks. .PP Second, arguments are processed in a very systematic way. Arguments are always key=value pairs. They may be specified at \f(CW\*(C`perl Build.PL\*(C'\fR time (i.e. \f(CW\*(C`perl Build.PL destdir=/my/secret/place\*(C'\fR), in which case their values last for the lifetime of the \f(CW\*(C`Build\*(C'\fR script. They may also be specified when executing a particular action (i.e. \&\f(CW\*(C`Build test verbose=1\*(C'\fR), in which case their values last only for the lifetime of that command. Per-action command line parameters take precedence over parameters specified at \f(CW\*(C`perl Build.PL\*(C'\fR time. .PP The build process also relies heavily on the \f(CW\*(C`Config.pm\*(C'\fR module. If the user wishes to override any of the values in \f(CW\*(C`Config.pm\*(C'\fR, she may specify them like so: .PP .Vb 1 \& perl Build.PL \-\-config cc=gcc \-\-config ld=gcc .Ve .PP The following build actions are provided by default. .IP "build" 4 .IX Item "build" [version 0.01] .Sp If you run the \f(CW\*(C`Build\*(C'\fR script without any arguments, it runs the \&\f(CW\*(C`build\*(C'\fR action, which in turn runs the \f(CW\*(C`code\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`docs\*(C'\fR actions. .Sp This is analogous to the \f(CW\*(C`MakeMaker\*(C'\fR \fImake all\fR target. .IP "clean" 4 .IX Item "clean" [version 0.01] .Sp This action will clean up any files that the build process may have created, including the \f(CW\*(C`blib/\*(C'\fR directory (but not including the \&\f(CW\*(C`_build/\*(C'\fR directory and the \f(CW\*(C`Build\*(C'\fR script itself). .IP "code" 4 .IX Item "code" [version 0.20] .Sp This action builds your code base. .Sp By default it just creates a \f(CW\*(C`blib/\*(C'\fR directory and copies any \f(CW\*(C`.pm\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`.pod\*(C'\fR files from your \f(CW\*(C`lib/\*(C'\fR directory into the \f(CW\*(C`blib/\*(C'\fR directory. It also compiles any \f(CW\*(C`.xs\*(C'\fR files from \f(CW\*(C`lib/\*(C'\fR and places them in \f(CW\*(C`blib/\*(C'\fR. Of course, you need a working C compiler (probably the same one that built perl itself) for the compilation to work properly. .Sp The \f(CW\*(C`code\*(C'\fR action also runs any \f(CW\*(C`.PL\*(C'\fR files in your \fIlib/\fR directory. Typically these create other files, named the same but without the \f(CW\*(C`.PL\*(C'\fR ending. For example, a file \fIlib/Foo/Bar.pm.PL\fR could create the file \fIlib/Foo/Bar.pm\fR. The \f(CW\*(C`.PL\*(C'\fR files are processed first, so any \f(CW\*(C`.pm\*(C'\fR files (or other kinds that we deal with) will get copied correctly. .IP "config_data" 4 .IX Item "config_data" [version 0.26] .Sp \&... .IP "diff" 4 .IX Item "diff" [version 0.14] .Sp This action will compare the files about to be installed with their installed counterparts. For .pm and .pod files, a diff will be shown (this currently requires a 'diff' program to be in your \s-1PATH\s0). For other files like compiled binary files, we simply report whether they differ. .Sp A \f(CW\*(C`flags\*(C'\fR parameter may be passed to the action, which will be passed to the 'diff' program. Consult your 'diff' documentation for the parameters it will accept \- a good one is \f(CW\*(C`\-u\*(C'\fR: .Sp .Vb 1 \& ./Build diff flags=\-u .Ve .IP "dist" 4 .IX Item "dist" [version 0.02] .Sp This action is helpful for module authors who want to package up their module for source distribution through a medium like \s-1CPAN. \s0 It will create a tarball of the files listed in \fI\s-1MANIFEST\s0\fR and compress the tarball using \&\s-1GZIP\s0 compression. .Sp By default, this action will use the \f(CW\*(C`Archive::Tar\*(C'\fR module. However, you can force it to use binary \*(L"tar\*(R" and \*(L"gzip\*(R" executables by supplying an explicit \&\f(CW\*(C`tar\*(C'\fR (and optional \f(CW\*(C`gzip\*(C'\fR) parameter: .Sp .Vb 1 \& ./Build dist \-\-tar C:\epath\eto\etar.exe \-\-gzip C:\epath\eto\ezip.exe .Ve .IP "distcheck" 4 .IX Item "distcheck" [version 0.05] .Sp Reports which files are in the build directory but not in the \&\fI\s-1MANIFEST\s0\fR file, and vice versa. (See manifest for details.) .IP "distclean" 4 .IX Item "distclean" [version 0.05] .Sp Performs the 'realclean' action and then the 'distcheck' action. .IP "distdir" 4 .IX Item "distdir" [version 0.05] .Sp Creates a \*(L"distribution directory\*(R" named \f(CW\*(C`$dist_name\-$dist_version\*(C'\fR (if that directory already exists, it will be removed first), then copies all the files listed in the \fI\s-1MANIFEST\s0\fR file to that directory. This directory is what the distribution tarball is created from. .IP "distinstall" 4 .IX Item "distinstall" [version 0.37] .Sp Performs the 'distdir' action, then switches into that directory and runs a \&\f(CW\*(C`perl Build.PL\*(C'\fR, followed by the 'build' and 'install' actions in that directory. Use \s-1PERL_MB_OPT\s0 or \fI.modulebuildrc\fR to set options that should be applied during subprocesses .IP "distmeta" 4 .IX Item "distmeta" [version 0.21] .Sp Creates the \fI\s-1META\s0.yml\fR file that describes the distribution. .Sp \&\fI\s-1META\s0.yml\fR is a file containing various bits of \fImetadata\fR about the distribution. The metadata includes the distribution name, version, abstract, prerequisites, license, and various other data about the distribution. This file is created as \fI\s-1META\s0.yml\fR in a simplified \s-1YAML\s0 format. .Sp \&\fI\s-1META\s0.yml\fR file must also be listed in \fI\s-1MANIFEST\s0\fR \- if it's not, a warning will be issued. .Sp The current version of the \fI\s-1META\s0.yml\fR specification can be found on \s-1CPAN\s0 as CPAN::Meta::Spec. .IP "distsign" 4 .IX Item "distsign" [version 0.16] .Sp Uses \f(CW\*(C`Module::Signature\*(C'\fR to create a \s-1SIGNATURE\s0 file for your distribution, and adds the \s-1SIGNATURE\s0 file to the distribution's \&\s-1MANIFEST.\s0 .IP "disttest" 4 .IX Item "disttest" [version 0.05] .Sp Performs the 'distdir' action, then switches into that directory and runs a \&\f(CW\*(C`perl Build.PL\*(C'\fR, followed by the 'build' and 'test' actions in that directory. Use \s-1PERL_MB_OPT\s0 or \fI.modulebuildrc\fR to set options that should be applied during subprocesses .IP "docs" 4 .IX Item "docs" [version 0.20] .Sp This will generate documentation (e.g. Unix man pages and \s-1HTML\s0 documents) for any installable items under \fBblib/\fR that contain \s-1POD. \s0 If there are no \f(CW\*(C`bindoc\*(C'\fR or \f(CW\*(C`libdoc\*(C'\fR installation targets defined (as will be the case on systems that don't support Unix manpages) no action is taken for manpages. If there are no \&\f(CW\*(C`binhtml\*(C'\fR or \f(CW\*(C`libhtml\*(C'\fR installation targets defined no action is taken for \s-1HTML\s0 documents. .IP "fakeinstall" 4 .IX Item "fakeinstall" [version 0.02] .Sp This is just like the \f(CW\*(C`install\*(C'\fR action, but it won't actually do anything, it will just report what it \fIwould\fR have done if you had actually run the \f(CW\*(C`install\*(C'\fR action. .IP "help" 4 .IX Item "help" [version 0.03] .Sp This action will simply print out a message that is meant to help you use the build process. It will show you a list of available build actions too. .Sp With an optional argument specifying an action name (e.g. \f(CW\*(C`Build help test\*(C'\fR), the 'help' action will show you any \s-1POD\s0 documentation it can find for that action. .IP "html" 4 .IX Item "html" [version 0.26] .Sp This will generate \s-1HTML\s0 documentation for any binary or library files under \fBblib/\fR that contain \s-1POD. \s0 The \s-1HTML\s0 documentation will only be installed if the install paths can be determined from values in \&\f(CW\*(C`Config.pm\*(C'\fR. You can also supply or override install paths on the command line by specifying \f(CW\*(C`install_path\*(C'\fR values for the \f(CW\*(C`binhtml\*(C'\fR and/or \f(CW\*(C`libhtml\*(C'\fR installation targets. .Sp With an optional \f(CW\*(C`html_links\*(C'\fR argument set to a false value, you can skip the search for other documentation to link to, because that can waste a lot of time if there aren't any links to generate anyway: .Sp .Vb 1 \& ./Build html \-\-html_links 0 .Ve .IP "install" 4 .IX Item "install" [version 0.01] .Sp This action will use \f(CW\*(C`ExtUtils::Install\*(C'\fR to install the files from \&\f(CW\*(C`blib/\*(C'\fR into the system. See \*(L"\s-1INSTALL PATHS\*(R"\s0 for details about how Module::Build determines where to install things, and how to influence this process. .Sp If you want the installation process to look around in \f(CW@INC\fR for other versions of the stuff you're installing and try to delete it, you can use the \f(CW\*(C`uninst\*(C'\fR parameter, which tells \f(CW\*(C`ExtUtils::Install\*(C'\fR to do so: .Sp .Vb 1 \& ./Build install uninst=1 .Ve .Sp This can be a good idea, as it helps prevent multiple versions of a module from being present on your system, which can be a confusing situation indeed. .IP "installdeps" 4 .IX Item "installdeps" [version 0.36] .Sp This action will use the \f(CW\*(C`cpan_client\*(C'\fR parameter as a command to install missing prerequisites. You will be prompted whether to install optional dependencies. .Sp The \f(CW\*(C`cpan_client\*(C'\fR option defaults to 'cpan' but can be set as an option or in \&\fI.modulebuildrc\fR. It must be a shell command that takes a list of modules to install as arguments (e.g. 'cpanp \-i' for \s-1CPANPLUS\s0). If the program part is a relative path (e.g. 'cpan' or 'cpanp'), it will be located relative to the perl program that executed Build.PL. .Sp .Vb 3 \& /opt/perl/5.8.9/bin/perl Build.PL \& ./Build installdeps \-\-cpan_client \*(Aqcpanp \-i\*(Aq \& # installs to 5.8.9 .Ve .IP "manifest" 4 .IX Item "manifest" [version 0.05] .Sp This is an action intended for use by module authors, not people installing modules. It will bring the \fI\s-1MANIFEST\s0\fR up to date with the files currently present in the distribution. You may use a \&\fI\s-1MANIFEST.SKIP\s0\fR file to exclude certain files or directories from inclusion in the \fI\s-1MANIFEST\s0\fR. \fI\s-1MANIFEST.SKIP\s0\fR should contain a bunch of regular expressions, one per line. If a file in the distribution directory matches any of the regular expressions, it won't be included in the \fI\s-1MANIFEST\s0\fR. .Sp The following is a reasonable \fI\s-1MANIFEST.SKIP\s0\fR starting point, you can add your own stuff to it: .Sp .Vb 7 \& ^_build \& ^Build$ \& ^blib \& ~$ \& \e.bak$ \& ^MANIFEST\e.SKIP$ \& CVS .Ve .Sp See the distcheck and skipcheck actions if you want to find out what the \f(CW\*(C`manifest\*(C'\fR action would do, without actually doing anything. .IP "manifest_skip" 4 .IX Item "manifest_skip" [version 0.3608] .Sp This is an action intended for use by module authors, not people installing modules. It will generate a boilerplate \s-1MANIFEST.SKIP\s0 file if one does not already exist. .IP "manpages" 4 .IX Item "manpages" [version 0.28] .Sp This will generate man pages for any binary or library files under \&\fBblib/\fR that contain \s-1POD. \s0 The man pages will only be installed if the install paths can be determined from values in \f(CW\*(C`Config.pm\*(C'\fR. You can also supply or override install paths by specifying there values on the command line with the \f(CW\*(C`bindoc\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`libdoc\*(C'\fR installation targets. .IP "pardist" 4 .IX Item "pardist" [version 0.2806] .Sp Generates a \s-1PAR\s0 binary distribution for use with \s-1PAR\s0 or PAR::Dist. .Sp It requires that the PAR::Dist module (version 0.17 and up) is installed on your system. .IP "ppd" 4 .IX Item "ppd" [version 0.20] .Sp Build a \s-1PPD\s0 file for your distribution. .Sp This action takes an optional argument \f(CW\*(C`codebase\*(C'\fR which is used in the generated \s-1PPD\s0 file to specify the (usually relative) \s-1URL\s0 of the distribution. By default, this value is the distribution name without any path information. .Sp Example: .Sp .Vb 1 \& ./Build ppd \-\-codebase "MSWin32\-x86\-multi\-thread/Module\-Build\-0.21.tar.gz" .Ve .IP "ppmdist" 4 .IX Item "ppmdist" [version 0.23] .Sp Generates a \s-1PPM\s0 binary distribution and a \s-1PPD\s0 description file. This action also invokes the \f(CW\*(C`ppd\*(C'\fR action, so it can accept the same \&\f(CW\*(C`codebase\*(C'\fR argument described under that action. .Sp This uses the same mechanism as the \f(CW\*(C`dist\*(C'\fR action to tar & zip its output, so you can supply \f(CW\*(C`tar\*(C'\fR and/or \f(CW\*(C`gzip\*(C'\fR parameters to affect the result. .IP "prereq_data" 4 .IX Item "prereq_data" [version 0.32] .Sp This action prints out a Perl data structure of all prerequisites and the versions required. The output can be loaded again using \f(CW\*(C`eval()\*(C'\fR. This can be useful for external tools that wish to query a Build script for prerequisites. .IP "prereq_report" 4 .IX Item "prereq_report" [version 0.28] .Sp This action prints out a list of all prerequisites, the versions required, and the versions actually installed. This can be useful for reviewing the configuration of your system prior to a build, or when compiling data to send for a bug report. .IP "pure_install" 4 .IX Item "pure_install" [version 0.28] .Sp This action is identical to the \f(CW\*(C`install\*(C'\fR action. In the future, though, when \f(CW\*(C`install\*(C'\fR starts writing to the file \&\fI$(\s-1INSTALLARCHLIB\s0)/perllocal.pod\fR, \f(CW\*(C`pure_install\*(C'\fR won't, and that will be the only difference between them. .IP "realclean" 4 .IX Item "realclean" [version 0.01] .Sp This action is just like the \f(CW\*(C`clean\*(C'\fR action, but also removes the \&\f(CW\*(C`_build\*(C'\fR directory and the \f(CW\*(C`Build\*(C'\fR script. If you run the \&\f(CW\*(C`realclean\*(C'\fR action, you are essentially starting over, so you will have to re-create the \f(CW\*(C`Build\*(C'\fR script again. .IP "retest" 4 .IX Item "retest" [version 0.2806] .Sp This is just like the \f(CW\*(C`test\*(C'\fR action, but doesn't actually build the distribution first, and doesn't add \fIblib/\fR to the load path, and therefore will test against a \fIpreviously\fR installed version of the distribution. This can be used to verify that a certain installed distribution still works, or to see whether newer versions of a distribution still pass the old regression tests, and so on. .IP "skipcheck" 4 .IX Item "skipcheck" [version 0.05] .Sp Reports which files are skipped due to the entries in the \&\fI\s-1MANIFEST.SKIP\s0\fR file (See manifest for details) .IP "test" 4 .IX Item "test" [version 0.01] .Sp This will use \f(CW\*(C`Test::Harness\*(C'\fR or \f(CW\*(C`TAP::Harness\*(C'\fR to run any regression tests and report their results. Tests can be defined in the standard places: a file called \f(CW\*(C`test.pl\*(C'\fR in the top-level directory, or several files ending with \f(CW\*(C`.t\*(C'\fR in a \f(CW\*(C`t/\*(C'\fR directory. .Sp If you want tests to be 'verbose', i.e. show details of test execution rather than just summary information, pass the argument \f(CW\*(C`verbose=1\*(C'\fR. .Sp If you want to run tests under the perl debugger, pass the argument \&\f(CW\*(C`debugger=1\*(C'\fR. .Sp If you want to have Module::Build find test files with different file name extensions, pass the \f(CW\*(C`test_file_exts\*(C'\fR argument with an array of extensions, such as \f(CW\*(C`[qw( .t .s .z )]\*(C'\fR. .Sp If you want test to be run by \f(CW\*(C`TAP::Harness\*(C'\fR, rather than \f(CW\*(C`Test::Harness\*(C'\fR, pass the argument \f(CW\*(C`tap_harness_args\*(C'\fR as an array reference of arguments to pass to the TAP::Harness constructor. .Sp In addition, if a file called \f(CW\*(C`visual.pl\*(C'\fR exists in the top-level directory, this file will be executed as a Perl script and its output will be shown to the user. This is a good place to put speed tests or other tests that don't use the \f(CW\*(C`Test::Harness\*(C'\fR format for output. .Sp To override the choice of tests to run, you may pass a \f(CW\*(C`test_files\*(C'\fR argument whose value is a whitespace-separated list of test scripts to run. This is especially useful in development, when you only want to run a single test to see whether you've squashed a certain bug yet: .Sp .Vb 1 \& ./Build test \-\-test_files t/something_failing.t .Ve .Sp You may also pass several \f(CW\*(C`test_files\*(C'\fR arguments separately: .Sp .Vb 1 \& ./Build test \-\-test_files t/one.t \-\-test_files t/two.t .Ve .Sp or use a \f(CW\*(C`glob()\*(C'\fR\-style pattern: .Sp .Vb 1 \& ./Build test \-\-test_files \*(Aqt/01\-*.t\*(Aq .Ve .IP "testall" 4 .IX Item "testall" [version 0.2807] .Sp [Note: the 'testall' action and the code snippets below are currently in alpha stage, see \&\*(L"/www.nntp.perl.org/group/perl.module.build/2007/03/msg584.html\*(R"\*(L" in \*(R"http: ] .Sp Runs the \f(CW\*(C`test\*(C'\fR action plus each of the \f(CW\*(C`test$type\*(C'\fR actions defined by the keys of the \f(CW\*(C`test_types\*(C'\fR parameter. .Sp Currently, you need to define the ACTION_test$type method yourself and enumerate them in the test_types parameter. .Sp .Vb 12 \& my $mb = Module::Build\->subclass( \& code => q( \& sub ACTION_testspecial { shift\->generic_test(type => \*(Aqspecial\*(Aq); } \& sub ACTION_testauthor { shift\->generic_test(type => \*(Aqauthor\*(Aq); } \& ) \& )\->new( \& ... \& test_types => { \& special => \*(Aq.st\*(Aq, \& author => [\*(Aq.at\*(Aq, \*(Aq.pt\*(Aq ], \& }, \& ... .Ve .IP "testcover" 4 .IX Item "testcover" [version 0.26] .Sp Runs the \f(CW\*(C`test\*(C'\fR action using \f(CW\*(C`Devel::Cover\*(C'\fR, generating a code-coverage report showing which parts of the code were actually exercised during the tests. .Sp To pass options to \f(CW\*(C`Devel::Cover\*(C'\fR, set the \f(CW$DEVEL_COVER_OPTIONS\fR environment variable: .Sp .Vb 1 \& DEVEL_COVER_OPTIONS=\-ignore,Build ./Build testcover .Ve .IP "testdb" 4 .IX Item "testdb" [version 0.05] .Sp This is a synonym for the 'test' action with the \f(CW\*(C`debugger=1\*(C'\fR argument. .IP "testpod" 4 .IX Item "testpod" [version 0.25] .Sp This checks all the files described in the \f(CW\*(C`docs\*(C'\fR action and produces \f(CW\*(C`Test::Harness\*(C'\fR\-style output. If you are a module author, this is useful to run before creating a new release. .IP "testpodcoverage" 4 .IX Item "testpodcoverage" [version 0.28] .Sp This checks the pod coverage of the distribution and produces \f(CW\*(C`Test::Harness\*(C'\fR\-style output. If you are a module author, this is useful to run before creating a new release. .IP "versioninstall" 4 .IX Item "versioninstall" [version 0.16] .Sp ** Note: since \f(CW\*(C`only.pm\*(C'\fR is so new, and since we just recently added support for it here too, this feature is to be considered experimental. ** .Sp If you have the \f(CW\*(C`only.pm\*(C'\fR module installed on your system, you can use this action to install a module into the version-specific library trees. This means that you can have several versions of the same module installed and \f(CW\*(C`use\*(C'\fR a specific one like this: .Sp .Vb 1 \& use only MyModule => 0.55; .Ve .Sp To override the default installation libraries in \f(CW\*(C`only::config\*(C'\fR, specify the \f(CW\*(C`versionlib\*(C'\fR parameter when you run the \f(CW\*(C`Build.PL\*(C'\fR script: .Sp .Vb 1 \& perl Build.PL \-\-versionlib /my/version/place/ .Ve .Sp To override which version the module is installed as, specify the \&\f(CW\*(C`version\*(C'\fR parameter when you run the \f(CW\*(C`Build.PL\*(C'\fR script: .Sp .Vb 1 \& perl Build.PL \-\-version 0.50 .Ve .Sp See the \f(CW\*(C`only.pm\*(C'\fR documentation for more information on version-specific installs. .SH "OPTIONS" .IX Header "OPTIONS" .SS "Command Line Options" .IX Subsection "Command Line Options" The following options can be used during any invocation of \f(CW\*(C`Build.PL\*(C'\fR or the Build script, during any action. For information on other options specific to an action, see the documentation for the respective action. .PP \&\s-1NOTE:\s0 There is some preliminary support for options to use the more familiar long option style. Most options can be preceded with the \&\f(CW\*(C`\-\-\*(C'\fR long option prefix, and the underscores changed to dashes (e.g. \f(CW\*(C`\-\-use\-rcfile\*(C'\fR). Additionally, the argument to boolean options is optional, and boolean options can be negated by prefixing them with \&\f(CW\*(C`no\*(C'\fR or \f(CW\*(C`no\-\*(C'\fR (e.g. \f(CW\*(C`\-\-noverbose\*(C'\fR or \f(CW\*(C`\-\-no\-verbose\*(C'\fR). .IP "quiet" 4 .IX Item "quiet" Suppress informative messages on output. .IP "verbose" 4 .IX Item "verbose" Display extra information about the Build on output. \f(CW\*(C`verbose\*(C'\fR will turn off \f(CW\*(C`quiet\*(C'\fR .IP "cpan_client" 4 .IX Item "cpan_client" Sets the \f(CW\*(C`cpan_client\*(C'\fR command for use with the \f(CW\*(C`installdeps\*(C'\fR action. See \f(CW\*(C`installdeps\*(C'\fR for more details. .IP "use_rcfile" 4 .IX Item "use_rcfile" Load the \fI~/.modulebuildrc\fR option file. This option can be set to false to prevent the custom resource file from being loaded. .IP "allow_mb_mismatch" 4 .IX Item "allow_mb_mismatch" Suppresses the check upon startup that the version of Module::Build we're now running under is the same version that was initially invoked when building the distribution (i.e. when the \f(CW\*(C`Build.PL\*(C'\fR script was first run). As of 0.3601, a mismatch results in a warning instead of a fatal error, so this option effectively just suppresses the warning. .IP "debug" 4 .IX Item "debug" Prints Module::Build debugging information to \s-1STDOUT,\s0 such as a trace of executed build actions. .SS "Default Options File (\fI.modulebuildrc\fP)" .IX Subsection "Default Options File (.modulebuildrc)" [version 0.28] .PP When Module::Build starts up, it will look first for a file, \&\fI\f(CI$ENV\fI{\s-1HOME\s0}/.modulebuildrc\fR. If it's not found there, it will look in the \fI.modulebuildrc\fR file in the directories referred to by the environment variables \f(CW\*(C`HOMEDRIVE\*(C'\fR + \f(CW\*(C`HOMEDIR\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`USERPROFILE\*(C'\fR, \&\f(CW\*(C`APPDATA\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`WINDIR\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`SYS$LOGIN\*(C'\fR. If the file exists, the options specified there will be used as defaults, as if they were typed on the command line. The defaults can be overridden by specifying new values on the command line. .PP The action name must come at the beginning of the line, followed by any amount of whitespace and then the options. Options are given the same as they would be on the command line. They can be separated by any amount of whitespace, including newlines, as long there is whitespace at the beginning of each continued line. Anything following a hash mark (\f(CW\*(C`#\*(C'\fR) is considered a comment, and is stripped before parsing. If more than one line begins with the same action name, those lines are merged into one set of options. .PP Besides the regular actions, there are two special pseudo-actions: the key \f(CW\*(C`*\*(C'\fR (asterisk) denotes any global options that should be applied to all actions, and the key 'Build_PL' specifies options to be applied when you invoke \f(CW\*(C`perl Build.PL\*(C'\fR. .PP .Vb 5 \& * verbose=1 # global options \& diff flags=\-u \& install \-\-install_base /home/ken \& \-\-install_path html=/home/ken/docs/html \& installdeps \-\-cpan_client \*(Aqcpanp \-i\*(Aq .Ve .PP If you wish to locate your resource file in a different location, you can set the environment variable \f(CW\*(C`MODULEBUILDRC\*(C'\fR to the complete absolute path of the file containing your options. .SS "Environment variables" .IX Subsection "Environment variables" .IP "\s-1MODULEBUILDRC\s0" 4 .IX Item "MODULEBUILDRC" [version 0.28] .Sp Specifies an alternate location for a default options file as described above. .IP "\s-1PERL_MB_OPT\s0" 4 .IX Item "PERL_MB_OPT" [version 0.36] .Sp Command line options that are applied to Build.PL or any Build action. The string is split as the shell would (e.g. whitespace) and the result is prepended to any actual command-line arguments. .SH "INSTALL PATHS" .IX Header "INSTALL PATHS" [version 0.19] .PP When you invoke Module::Build's \f(CW\*(C`build\*(C'\fR action, it needs to figure out where to install things. The nutshell version of how this works is that default installation locations are determined from \&\fIConfig.pm\fR, and they may be overridden by using the \f(CW\*(C`install_path\*(C'\fR parameter. An \f(CW\*(C`install_base\*(C'\fR parameter lets you specify an alternative installation root like \fI/home/foo\fR, and a \f(CW\*(C`destdir\*(C'\fR lets you specify a temporary installation directory like \fI/tmp/install\fR in case you want to create bundled-up installable packages. .PP Natively, Module::Build provides default installation locations for the following types of installable items: .IP "lib" 4 .IX Item "lib" Usually pure-Perl module files ending in \fI.pm\fR. .IP "arch" 4 .IX Item "arch" \&\*(L"Architecture-dependent\*(R" module files, usually produced by compiling \&\s-1XS, \s0Inline, or similar code. .IP "script" 4 .IX Item "script" Programs written in pure Perl. In order to improve reuse, try to make these as small as possible \- put the code into modules whenever possible. .IP "bin" 4 .IX Item "bin" \&\*(L"Architecture-dependent\*(R" executable programs, i.e. compiled C code or something. Pretty rare to see this in a perl distribution, but it happens. .IP "bindoc" 4 .IX Item "bindoc" Documentation for the stuff in \f(CW\*(C`script\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`bin\*(C'\fR. Usually generated from the \s-1POD\s0 in those files. Under Unix, these are manual pages belonging to the 'man1' category. .IP "libdoc" 4 .IX Item "libdoc" Documentation for the stuff in \f(CW\*(C`lib\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`arch\*(C'\fR. This is usually generated from the \s-1POD\s0 in \fI.pm\fR files. Under Unix, these are manual pages belonging to the 'man3' category. .IP "binhtml" 4 .IX Item "binhtml" This is the same as \f(CW\*(C`bindoc\*(C'\fR above, but applies to \s-1HTML\s0 documents. .IP "libhtml" 4 .IX Item "libhtml" This is the same as \f(CW\*(C`libdoc\*(C'\fR above, but applies to \s-1HTML\s0 documents. .PP Four other parameters let you control various aspects of how installation paths are determined: .IP "installdirs" 4 .IX Item "installdirs" The default destinations for these installable things come from entries in your system's \f(CW\*(C`Config.pm\*(C'\fR. You can select from three different sets of default locations by setting the \f(CW\*(C`installdirs\*(C'\fR parameter as follows: .Sp .Vb 2 \& \*(Aqinstalldirs\*(Aq set to: \& core site vendor \& \& uses the following defaults from Config.pm: \& \& lib => installprivlib installsitelib installvendorlib \& arch => installarchlib installsitearch installvendorarch \& script => installscript installsitescript installvendorscript \& bin => installbin installsitebin installvendorbin \& bindoc => installman1dir installsiteman1dir installvendorman1dir \& libdoc => installman3dir installsiteman3dir installvendorman3dir \& binhtml => installhtml1dir installsitehtml1dir installvendorhtml1dir [*] \& libhtml => installhtml3dir installsitehtml3dir installvendorhtml3dir [*] \& \& * Under some OS (eg. MSWin32) the destination for HTML documents is \& determined by the C<Config.pm> entry C<installhtmldir>. .Ve .Sp The default value of \f(CW\*(C`installdirs\*(C'\fR is \*(L"site\*(R". If you're creating vendor distributions of module packages, you may want to do something like this: .Sp .Vb 1 \& perl Build.PL \-\-installdirs vendor .Ve .Sp or .Sp .Vb 1 \& ./Build install \-\-installdirs vendor .Ve .Sp If you're installing an updated version of a module that was included with perl itself (i.e. a \*(L"core module\*(R"), then you may set \&\f(CW\*(C`installdirs\*(C'\fR to \*(L"core\*(R" to overwrite the module in its present location. .Sp (Note that the 'script' line is different from \f(CW\*(C`MakeMaker\*(C'\fR \- unfortunately there's no such thing as \*(L"installsitescript\*(R" or \&\*(L"installvendorscript\*(R" entry in \f(CW\*(C`Config.pm\*(C'\fR, so we use the \&\*(L"installsitebin\*(R" and \*(L"installvendorbin\*(R" entries to at least get the general location right. In the future, if \f(CW\*(C`Config.pm\*(C'\fR adds some more appropriate entries, we'll start using those.) .IP "install_path" 4 .IX Item "install_path" Once the defaults have been set, you can override them. .Sp On the command line, that would look like this: .Sp .Vb 1 \& perl Build.PL \-\-install_path lib=/foo/lib \-\-install_path arch=/foo/lib/arch .Ve .Sp or this: .Sp .Vb 1 \& ./Build install \-\-install_path lib=/foo/lib \-\-install_path arch=/foo/lib/arch .Ve .IP "install_base" 4 .IX Item "install_base" You can also set the whole bunch of installation paths by supplying the \&\f(CW\*(C`install_base\*(C'\fR parameter to point to a directory on your system. For instance, if you set \f(CW\*(C`install_base\*(C'\fR to \*(L"/home/ken\*(R" on a Linux system, you'll install as follows: .Sp .Vb 8 \& lib => /home/ken/lib/perl5 \& arch => /home/ken/lib/perl5/i386\-linux \& script => /home/ken/bin \& bin => /home/ken/bin \& bindoc => /home/ken/man/man1 \& libdoc => /home/ken/man/man3 \& binhtml => /home/ken/html \& libhtml => /home/ken/html .Ve .Sp Note that this is \fIdifferent\fR from how \f(CW\*(C`MakeMaker\*(C'\fR's \f(CW\*(C`PREFIX\*(C'\fR parameter works. \f(CW\*(C`install_base\*(C'\fR just gives you a default layout under the directory you specify, which may have little to do with the \&\f(CW\*(C`installdirs=site\*(C'\fR layout. .Sp The exact layout under the directory you specify may vary by system \- we try to do the \*(L"sensible\*(R" thing on each platform. .IP "destdir" 4 .IX Item "destdir" If you want to install everything into a temporary directory first (for instance, if you want to create a directory tree that a package manager like \f(CW\*(C`rpm\*(C'\fR or \f(CW\*(C`dpkg\*(C'\fR could create a package from), you can use the \f(CW\*(C`destdir\*(C'\fR parameter: .Sp .Vb 1 \& perl Build.PL \-\-destdir /tmp/foo .Ve .Sp or .Sp .Vb 1 \& ./Build install \-\-destdir /tmp/foo .Ve .Sp This will effectively install to \*(L"/tmp/foo/$sitelib\*(R", \&\*(L"/tmp/foo/$sitearch\*(R", and the like, except that it will use \&\f(CW\*(C`File::Spec\*(C'\fR to make the pathnames work correctly on whatever platform you're installing on. .IP "prefix" 4 .IX Item "prefix" Provided for compatibility with \f(CW\*(C`ExtUtils::MakeMaker\*(C'\fR's \s-1PREFIX\s0 argument. \&\f(CW\*(C`prefix\*(C'\fR should be used when you want Module::Build to install your modules, documentation, and scripts in the same place as \&\f(CW\*(C`ExtUtils::MakeMaker\*(C'\fR's \s-1PREFIX\s0 mechanism. .Sp The following are equivalent. .Sp .Vb 2 \& perl Build.PL \-\-prefix /tmp/foo \& perl Makefile.PL PREFIX=/tmp/foo .Ve .Sp Because of the complex nature of the prefixification logic, the behavior of \s-1PREFIX\s0 in \f(CW\*(C`MakeMaker\*(C'\fR has changed subtly over time. Module::Build's \-\-prefix logic is equivalent to the \s-1PREFIX\s0 logic found in \f(CW\*(C`ExtUtils::MakeMaker\*(C'\fR 6.30. .Sp The maintainers of \f(CW\*(C`MakeMaker\*(C'\fR do understand the troubles with the \&\s-1PREFIX\s0 mechanism, and added \s-1INSTALL_BASE\s0 support in version 6.31 of \&\f(CW\*(C`MakeMaker\*(C'\fR, which was released in 2006. .Sp If you don't need to retain compatibility with old versions (pre\-6.31) of \f(CW\*(C`ExtUtils::MakeMaker\*(C'\fR or are starting a fresh Perl installation we recommend you use \&\f(CW\*(C`install_base\*(C'\fR instead (and \f(CW\*(C`INSTALL_BASE\*(C'\fR in \f(CW\*(C`ExtUtils::MakeMaker\*(C'\fR). See \*(L"Installing in the same location as ExtUtils::MakeMaker\*(R" in Module::Build::Cookbook for further information. .SH "MOTIVATIONS" .IX Header "MOTIVATIONS" There are several reasons I wanted to start over, and not just fix what I didn't like about \f(CW\*(C`MakeMaker\*(C'\fR: .IP "\(bu" 4 I don't like the core idea of \f(CW\*(C`MakeMaker\*(C'\fR, namely that \f(CW\*(C`make\*(C'\fR should be involved in the build process. Here are my reasons: .RS 4 .IP "+" 4 When a person is installing a Perl module, what can you assume about their environment? Can you assume they have \f(CW\*(C`make\*(C'\fR? No, but you can assume they have some version of Perl. .IP "+" 4 When a person is writing a Perl module for intended distribution, can you assume that they know how to build a Makefile, so they can customize their build process? No, but you can assume they know Perl, and could customize that way. .RE .RS 4 .Sp For years, these things have been a barrier to people getting the build/install process to do what they want. .RE .IP "\(bu" 4 There are several architectural decisions in \f(CW\*(C`MakeMaker\*(C'\fR that make it very difficult to customize its behavior. For instance, when using \&\f(CW\*(C`MakeMaker\*(C'\fR you do \f(CW\*(C`use ExtUtils::MakeMaker\*(C'\fR, but the object created in \&\f(CW\*(C`WriteMakefile()\*(C'\fR is actually blessed into a package name that's created on the fly, so you can't simply subclass \&\f(CW\*(C`ExtUtils::MakeMaker\*(C'\fR. There is a workaround \f(CW\*(C`MY\*(C'\fR package that lets you override certain \f(CW\*(C`MakeMaker\*(C'\fR methods, but only certain explicitly preselected (by \f(CW\*(C`MakeMaker\*(C'\fR) methods can be overridden. Also, the method of customization is very crude: you have to modify a string containing the Makefile text for the particular target. Since these strings aren't documented, and \fIcan't\fR be documented (they take on different values depending on the platform, version of perl, version of \&\f(CW\*(C`MakeMaker\*(C'\fR, etc.), you have no guarantee that your modifications will work on someone else's machine or after an upgrade of \f(CW\*(C`MakeMaker\*(C'\fR or perl. .IP "\(bu" 4 It is risky to make major changes to \f(CW\*(C`MakeMaker\*(C'\fR, since it does so many things, is so important, and generally works. \f(CW\*(C`Module::Build\*(C'\fR is an entirely separate package so that I can work on it all I want, without worrying about backward compatibility with \f(CW\*(C`MakeMaker\*(C'\fR. .IP "\(bu" 4 Finally, Perl is said to be a language for system administration. Could it really be the case that Perl isn't up to the task of building and installing software? Even if that software is a bunch of \&\f(CW\*(C`.pm\*(C'\fR files that just need to be copied from one place to another? My sense was that we could design a system to accomplish this in a flexible, extensible, and friendly manner. Or die trying. .SH "TO DO" .IX Header "TO DO" The current method of relying on time stamps to determine whether a derived file is out of date isn't likely to scale well, since it requires tracing all dependencies backward, it runs into problems on \&\s-1NFS,\s0 and it's just generally flimsy. It would be better to use an \s-1MD5\s0 signature or the like, if available. See \f(CW\*(C`cons\*(C'\fR for an example. .PP .Vb 2 \& \- append to perllocal.pod \& \- add a \*(Aqplugin\*(Aq functionality .Ve .SH "AUTHOR" .IX Header "AUTHOR" Ken Williams <kwilliams@cpan.org> .PP Development questions, bug reports, and patches should be sent to the Module-Build mailing list at <module\-build@perl.org>. .PP Bug reports are also welcome at <http://rt.cpan.org/NoAuth/Bugs.html?Dist=Module\-Build>. .PP The latest development version is available from the Git repository at <https://github.com/Perl\-Toolchain\-Gang/Module\-Build> .SH "COPYRIGHT" .IX Header "COPYRIGHT" Copyright (c) 2001\-2006 Ken Williams. All rights reserved. .PP This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself. .SH "SEE ALSO" .IX Header "SEE ALSO" \&\fIperl\fR\|(1), Module::Build::Cookbook, Module::Build::Authoring, Module::Build::API, ExtUtils::MakeMaker .PP \&\fI\s-1META\s0.yml\fR Specification: CPAN::Meta::Spec .PP <http://www.dsmit.com/cons/> .PP <http://search.cpan.org/dist/PerlBuildSystem/>
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